354 Report on the Exhibition of Imjolements 



liim in the construction of an important implement ; and its defects 

 did not appear to be other than might readily be rectified by a 

 skilful mechanic, aided by the light of further experience in its 

 use. 



Mr. Pusey's plough, which has received the name of the '' Charl- 

 hury Subsoil,'' was also tried. It is a common wheel plough, 

 having a single tine or stirrer attached to its hinder part, which 

 descends a few inches below the sole, and is intended to loosen 

 the soil in its track, deepening, and to a limited extent pulveriz- 

 ing, the stratum beneath. This modification of a subsoil-pulver- 

 izer has the advantage of simplicity and cheapness, and the com- 

 bination may be usefully employed on light soils^ and hy farmers 

 possessing only a limited command of team.'"^ 



Trenching and Subsoil Plough. — ^To Mr. Law, of Shettleston, 

 near Glasgow, a prize was awarded for a trenching and subsoil 

 plough combined. This implement performed its work very satis- 

 factorily, with a team of six horses, trenching in one direction, and 

 subsoiling in the returning one. A trenching-furrow having been 

 cut, the mouldboard or wrest is turned up out of the way, by means 

 of the same simple mechanism as is adapted to Smith's (or Wiikie's) 

 turnwrest plough. The implement is then reversed, put into the 

 furrow, and the operation of subsoiling proceeds without unyoking 

 the team. The trenching or deep-ploughing operation is per- 

 formed on the left-hand side of the implement; and the spur or 

 bar for breaking up the subsoil is placed, in returning, on the right- 

 hand side ; consequently, the force is applied on the same side 

 as that on which the furrow-slice has been turned ; and it seems 

 reasonable to conclude that the resistance to be overcome must be 

 less against soil already loosened than if working against the un- 

 broken mass of the land side, as in Armstrong's trenching and 

 subsoil plough. A leading wheel regulates the depth desired, by 

 shifting up or down, so that a furrow may be trenched from 8 

 inches to 14 inches in depth, and the subsoiling effected, propor- 

 tionably, to the extent of 20 inches below the surface of the field. 



Surface- ploughs. — The following table registers the results of 

 experiments made on a variety of plouo;hs, at the trial-ground, on 

 Mr. Webb Hall's farm :— 



* See a woodcut of this plough in the Journal of the Society, vol. iii. 

 part i. p. 106. 



