Advancement of Agricultural Science. 371 



by them ; whilst in the summer the knowledge thus obtained was 

 applied to the measurement of land, timber, buildings, and other 

 practical purposes. The first principles of chemistry were also 

 unfolded. By means of a good but economical apparatus various 

 experiments, either on a small or a large scale, were performed. 

 For the larger ones, the brewhouse and the still-house, with their 

 appendages, were found to be highly useful. Much attention 

 was directed to the analysis of soils ; and the different sorts met 

 with, distinguished according to the relative proportion of their com- 

 ponent parts, were arranged on shelves with great order and regu- 

 larity. The samples being severally contained in separate glasses, 

 the latter were covered with yellow paper if the predominating 

 ingredient were sand ; and had a white ticket on one side if the next 

 in amount was limestone ; a red one if it were of a red clay ; and 

 a blue one if of blue clay. Though an attention to these minutiae 

 may appear to the more practical taste of Englishmen rather 

 trifling and frivolous, yet it is stated that a classification, founded 

 on this principle, is much in vogue on the estates in Germany^ 

 where statistical accounts are kept regularly. 



There was an extensive botanic garden, arranged according to 

 the system of Linnaeus ; an herbarium, containing a large collec- 

 tion of dried plants ; a series of the skeletons of different animals 

 connected with husbandry ; and models of agricultural implements, 

 all open to the examination of the students. The various imple- 

 ments used upon the farm were all made by smiths, wheelwrights, 

 &c. residing round about the institution ; and the pupils were al- 

 lowed access to the workshops, and encouraged to make themselves 

 masters, by minutely inspecting the implements, of the niceties 

 of their construction. The sum paid by each pupil was 400 rix 

 dollars (80/. sterling) annually ; besides which they were expected 

 to provide their own beds and breakfasts, each having a separate 

 apartment. It would therefore seem that the expense miust, in a 

 country like Prussia, preclude all but youths of good fortune 

 from taking advantage of the institution. 



In Mr. Jacob's opinion also the course of instruction was 

 crowded into too short a space of time, many of the pupils study- 

 ing there only for one year. 



I have since been informed, that Mogelin is only one of many 

 institutions of the same description which have been created 

 under royal patronage in this kingdom, and that almost every 

 province of Prussia may now boast of a public model farm and 

 agricultural academy ; as, however, I have visited none of these, 

 I must pass them over on the present occasion, and proceed to 

 notice those existing in other parts of Germany. In the south 

 of this country, the most flourishing establishment of a public 

 nature connected with agriculture appears to be that of Hohen- 



