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SALT RANGE — -HAZAEA. 



fertile and irrigated. Here the most important cultivation is 

 Sugar cane, owing to the fine irrigation afforded by the Dore 

 river, the sugar being manufactured for exportation to Cabul ; 

 an inferior kind of Cotton is cultivated in small quantity for home 

 consumption. In upper Hazara the Cow or Zeitun-tree is very 

 abundant, and of considerable dimensions ; several trees measured 

 being upwards of eight feet in diameter, three feet from the 

 ground. Associated with it, we find a vegetation very similar 

 to that of the Deyrah Dhoon. The soil, too, is filled with 

 round stones or boulders. The country generally is cultivated, 

 but little land lying waste, and the population appears to be 

 dense. Here the Tea plant might be introduced with advantage. 

 The following are some of the plants met with in Upper Hazara 

 at Dumtour : — 



Acacia Catechu. 



Vitex acuminata. 



Rubus floribundus. 



Solarium verbascifolium. 



Orthanthera vimiuea. 



Alisma. 



Salix babylonica. 



Berberis asiatica. 



Rottlera tinctoria. 



Hedera Helix. 



Aspavagus. 



Grewia oppositifolia. 



Cissampelos hirsuta. 



„ tomentosa. 



Phyllanthus. 

 Urtica salicifolia. 

 Nerium odoruru. 

 Justicia paniculata. 

 Randia dumetorum. 

 Vallaris pergulana. 

 Olea? Cowzeituu. 



Rosa Lyellii. 



,, floribuuda. 

 Bombax heptaphylluni. 

 Dodonasa. 

 Ficus cordata. 

 Indigofera. 

 Ficus indica. 

 Justicia Adliatoda. 

 Barleria. 

 Melia Bukain. 

 Celastrus speciosus. 

 Acacia modesta. 



„ speciosa. 



,, Serissa. 

 Dalbergia Sissoo. 

 Zizyphus Napeca. 

 ,, vulgaris. 

 Morus alba. 



„ atro -purpurea. 



„ graudiflora. 



In Hazara the Dore river is extensively used in irrigation, 

 Cutcha canals crossing the upper portion of the valley in all 

 directions ; the soil is very rich, consisting in many places of a 

 fine rich black loam. All the hills are more or less clad with the 

 Cheer (Pinus longifolia), and on the higher ranges the Deodar 

 (Cedrus Deodara) and Morinda (Abies Smithiana) abound. Though 

 the general character of the Salt range is barrenness, yet in this 

 Doab we meet with much fine cultivation, particularly near the 

 rivers. Close to the Indus lies the Chuch valley, one of the 



