March 21, 1872. ] 



JOUBNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGfi GAEDfiNHE. 



a dormant bud. Select as a scion a short twig fx.rigr. 1). Tlie 

 adventitious twigs are best for the purpose. With a budding- 

 knife take off tlio twig witli a shield of bark to it (v), the same 

 as is done in budding. On the stock (v), an incision (z), is 

 Iliad's in the form of a T, not deeper than the thickness of 



the bark ; with the handle of the budding-knife raise the lips 

 of the incision and slide in the scion by its shield (v). Bind 

 with wool or bast, and it will not be necessary to cover it with 

 any plaster. 



In the restoration of fruit trees we use sometimes as scions 

 twigs 18 inches long furnished with a shield of i inches. By 

 removing the leaves eight days beforehand, when on the 

 mother plant the scions are prepared for the separation, and 

 by covering them with leaves of trees or mould as soon as 

 they are grafted, drying-up is avoided. 



In grafting with a dormant bud mtended for propagation, 

 especial care must be taken to head-down the stock after 

 winter to 4 mches above the graft, and to tie the scion straight, 

 so that there may be no curve at the point of union. The 

 first process, that by a simple twig, when it is applied to the 

 restoration of trees does not requue the amputation of the 

 stock ; but to hasten the development of the graft, a notch is 

 opened in the spruig on the stock at about half an inch above 

 it. The notch, which is about the twelfth of an inch wide, is 

 made by two cuts of the knife, which sever and raise the 

 bark. At the same time all the branches above the graft are 

 pruned-m close. 



A rod forming a support is indispensable to the training of a 

 young graft. When grafting is done mth an active bud at the 

 rising of the sap, it is well to cover it with mould to protect it 

 from the sun's action and drought. If, unfortunately, it starts 

 growtli at once and has a tendency to weakness, its growth is 

 stimulated by making small longitudinal incisions down the 

 bark. 



Side Graftino in the Alburnum. — General PrincijJles. — 

 This method is chiefly used for evergreen shmbs, as well as 

 for grafting under glass, from February till August. If the 

 same subjects are grafted in the open air they must be done 

 from .^.pril till August. A twig of medium size and with a 

 terminal bud is the best for a scion of an evergreen shrub. It 

 is to be cut from the tree at the time of grafting, only the 

 lower leaves are to be removed ; and to support vitality it is to 

 be placed in the shade, the end in a vessel of water, or in 

 damp sand. The stock in this case is not headed-down, but 

 on the part of the stem where the scion is to be introduced 

 the leaves are to be shortened or altogether removed. For the 

 scion to penetrate to the alburnum a slit is made in the bark 

 from above downwards diagonally in relation to the axis of the 

 stock, but not so deep as to penetrate to the pith. The scion 

 is cut wedge-shaped if it is to be inserted at the top of the slit, 

 or angular if on the side of the incision. Of this there arc 

 two examples — 



1, Sidi-'Gi-afting with a Straipht ,S7i{.— The scion {k,fi!i. 2), 

 of a CameUia is cut half its length wedge-shaped, leaving on 

 each side an equal breadth of bark diminishing gradually to 



a point. The stock (b), is sht at 6 by a single out of the knife, 

 the blade penetrating the alburnum. The s'efefi (a), is intro- 

 duced by its base «, then tied as represented at c. It this is 

 done in the open air it must be covered with wax or clay, 

 because the cut on each side of the slit leaves an opening. 



^/ 



With the Camellia and other hard.vooded plants, the stock is 

 preserved entire; but the Aucuba, the tissues of which are 

 looser, is to be topped to 4 or 8 inches above the graft when 

 the operation is performed. 

 2. Side Grafting with an Ohliqnc Slit.— Tho scion (e, fig. 3), 



Hi 



^■.A.l< 





is the top of a twig of Holly. It is reproduced in part at n, 

 with the wedge-shaped cut c. On the stock a, the slit d is 

 made in the direction of the axis of the stock with the top 

 rounded in the form of a sickle. The layers of inner bark and 

 alburnum are cut obliiiuely. The scion is bound with an 

 clastic ligature. A certain number of Conifers favour side- 



