36 



INSECTIVORA 



except Atlantic watershed of south-western Norway, from 

 Finland to central France, central Germany, and northern Hun- 

 gary. Exact southern and eastern limits of I'ange not known. 



Diagnosis. — Size small (condylohasal length of skull usually 

 17 "8 to 19 mm., hind foot usually 11 to 13 mm.) ; colour rather 

 dark, the back ranging from bister to a deep blackish brown ; 

 sides distinctly lighter than back except in specimens representing 

 the pallid extreme of colouration ; teeth moderately pigmented, 

 the hypocone of m^ and m'^ usually white to tip. 



Teeth. — The teeth show no special peculiarities of form. In 

 pigmentation they represent the extreme of restriction of the dark 

 areas. While the area of j^igoientation on all of the cusps is less 

 extensive than in the Alpine and Pyrenean races, the ditierences 

 are best seen in the hypocones of the three lai'ge upper cheek 

 teeth and }:)rotocone of m^, as these small cusps, unlike the larger 

 ones, may be completely without brown colour. A comparison 

 of seventy-five topotypes of Sorex araneus with eighty Swiss 

 specimens of *S'. araneus tetragonmus gives the following results : — 



araneuK. tetragonurug. 



Large premolar with pigment on hypocone . -0% ... 38'7 % 



First molar with pigment on hypocone. . 22'6 % ... 93"7 % 



Second molar with pigment on hypocone . 21'2 % ... 88' 7 % 



Third molar with pigment on protocone . 45'.3 % ... 100'0% 



None of the small cusps pigmented . . 54 • G % ... " % 



All of the small cusps pigmented . . . -0% ... 37'2% 



Measurements. — Average and extremes of twenty specimens 

 from the type locality : head and body, 77 "5 (72-85) ; tail, 40" 1 

 (38-43); hind foot, 12 '6 (12—13). Average and extremes of 

 nine specimens from Lillehammer, centi'al Gudbrandsdal, Norway 

 (dry): hind foot, 12 '3 (12 "2-1 2 '6). Average and extremes of 

 four specimens from Holaaker, upper Gudbrandsdal, Norway : 

 head and body, 70-2 (69-71); tail, 36-5 (34-39); hind 

 foot, 12 "2 (12-13). Average and extremes of twenty specimens 

 from Brunswick, Germany : head and body, 78 " 9 (68-85) ; 

 tail, 39 ■ 7 (36-45) ; hind foot, 1 2 • 7 (1 2 • 2-1 3 -^O). Average and 

 extremes of ten specimens from Waremme, Liege, Belgium : head 

 and body, 68-9 (66-72); tail, 42-3 (38-47)'; hind' foot (dry), 

 12 '2 (11 '8-1 2 '8). For cranial measurements see Table, p. 46. 



Specimens examined. — Two hundred and ninety-eight, from the following 

 localities : — 



Norway : Molmen, Upper Gudbrandsdal, 2 ; Holaaker, Upper Gud- 

 brandsdal, 4 ; Lesjevark, Middle Gudbrandsdal, 1 ; Lillehammer, Middle 

 Gudbrandsdal, 9 (U.S.N.M.) ; Eggedal, Buskerud, 8 (U.S.N.M.) ; Spjosod, 

 Telemarken, 4 (U.S.N.M.) ; Asker, near Ohristiania, 4 (U.S.N.M.) ; Holme, 

 Mandal, 7. 



Sweden: Upland,!; Upsala, 97 (U.S.N.M.) ; Skaane, 3 (U.S.N.M.). 



Denmabk : HillerOd, Zealand, b ; Nystad, LoUand, 3 (U.S.N.M.) ; 

 Skansen, Lolland, 1 (U.S.N.M.). 



Holland: Oosterbeek, Guelderland, G; Leiden, 4 (U.S.N.M.). 



Belgium : Hastiere, Namur, 1 ; Waremme, Li6ge, 10 (U.S.N.M.). 



Fbance : Guines, Pas-de-Calais, 4 ; Manonville, Meurthe-et-Moselle, 2 ; 

 Barbizon, Seine-et-Marne, 3. 



