248 



GHIROPTERA 



incisors are closely crowded against each other ; outer tooth 

 separated from canine by a very narrow space. Lower incisors 

 rather strongly imbricated, forming a very broadly U'Stiap^d 

 row between canines, the crowns of /^ and /., compressed, trilid, 

 that of i^ sub-terete, flattened anteriorly, with two low posterior 

 tubercles in addition to the three cusps corresponding to those of 

 other teeth. Upper canine robust, with well developed anterior 

 and posterior cutting edge, the shaft triangular in cross-section ; 

 cingulum well developed but without true secondary cusps. 

 Lower canine with posterior surface of shaft strongly concave, 

 the well developed cingulum forming a postero-internal basal 

 cusj) and a conspicuous secondary cusp near middle of antero- 

 internal border of shaft ; diameter of crown distinctly less than 

 distance between canines. Anterior upper premolar minute, closely 

 wedged in space between canine and posterior premolar, its cross- 

 section less than half that of incisors, its crown reniform in 

 outline, its cusp low but distinct ; posterior upper premolar with 

 crown area somewhat more than half that of first molar, the 

 protocone well developed, nearly as high as in molars, the main 

 cusp rather high but much shorter than canine (measured along 

 cingulum), its two cutting edges well developed. Lower pre- 

 molars closely crowded, their ci-owns about equal in cross-section 

 and somewhat more than half that of canine, the shaft of first 

 lower and more robust than that of second and about half as 

 high as canine ; cingulum well developed, in each tooth forming 

 a small but evident antero-internal and postero-internal cusp. 

 First and second upper molars with crowns rather broad on 

 inner side, the posterior emargination slight ; protocone robust 

 but low ; hypocone small but well developed and distinct from 

 commissure of protocone ; outer cups without sjiecial peculiarities, 

 the styles low but well developed, the VVP'ittern normal, //t^ with 

 crown area distinctly more than half that of m}, its longitudinal 

 diameter through metacone about half transverse diameter, its 

 three cusps, two styles and three commissures well developed, 

 but proportion between paracone and metacone reversed as 

 co)npared with other molars. Lower molars with unusually 

 robust hypoconid and entoconid, producing a strong contrast in 

 size between the anterior and posterior V in «*i and in.^ and 

 approximate equality in m-^ ; cingulum well developed but not 

 forming basal cusjd behind entoconid. 



Measurements. — Adult female from Kew Gardens, Surrey, 

 England: head and body, 71 ; tail, 51 ; tibia, 18; foot, 10; 

 forearm, 52 ; thumb, 9 ; third finger, 94 ; fifth finger, 58 : ear 

 from meatus, 15; width of ear, 16. Adult female from Herrn- 

 hut. Saxony, Germany : head and body, 79 ; tail, 53 ; tibia, 19 ; 

 foot, 10' 6; forearm, 53; thumb, 9*4; third finger, 97; fifth 

 finger, 60 ; ear from meatus, 17 ; width of ear, 17. Two adult 

 males from Pisa, Italy : head and body, 70 and 71 ; tail, 49 and 

 52-6 ; tibia, 18 and 19 ; foot, 10 and 11 , forearm, 51 and 53 : 



