CANIS 



305 



wolves, .-u.d the Old World jackals. Two species are known 



%o:::;l^ :;::::''' - ^^ -^^-^^ ^« -p— ^^d ,y seve.ai 



KEY TO THE EUROPEAN FORMS OP CANIS. 



Condylobasal length of skull less than 200 mm • teeth 

 not so large as in the largest domestic dogs ('len"th 

 of upper carnassial 17 to 18 mm.); cingulum on 

 outer margm of m' broad and conspicuous (South- 

 eastern Europe ; Jackal) ^ r n„. 



Condylobasal length of skull more " than Iw' mm"- ^- «"'^'««' P' 315. 

 teeth larger than in the largest domestic dogs' 

 (length of upper carnassial 25 to 27 mm.) • cingu- 

 lum on outer border of m' narrow, tending to bo 

 mcompleto at middle (Distribution general • true 

 Wolves) r 1 



Size rather small "(exact' "dViension's'^unknowni '^' '^"^' 



(Southern Spam n , , ■, 



Size large, C. l. dettanus, ]). 615. 



White of throat not extending uninterruptedly 

 WI,ih?nfn.^^?*''v^'''^"°'"'^°™ Europe) ... C.Llu,,„.,r, 313 

 White of throat extending uninterruptedly on to 



cheek (Spain except extreme south) c. I. signatus, p. 314. 



CANIS LUPUS Linnc-eus. 

 (Synonymy under subspecies.) 

 G«.i,r«y./caZ d/.<n-J«fion.-Originally throughout Europe from 



SrfttwT r'in°'^,^"Tx.^^'''^' °«^^' exterminated in the 

 British Islands, Holland and Denmark 



/09,f/"T'''-""^°°'ly^^^''''^ l^'^gth of skull more than 200 mm 

 (220 to 250 mm.) ; cheek-teeth larger than in the largest racS 

 o domestic dogs the upper carnassial 25 to 27 mm. In length 

 but structure not peculiar, the upper molars with narrow, incon! 

 spicuous cingulum on outer side (licr 61) 



d^„fH'7,^;!/-^";™tr-^^e^«ral Form essentially as in doitestic 

 Sed if '? X'V ^^'' ^«derately long, erect, somewhat 



Z h ' ^■^^"'^"^g '^^^""V" 'y' ''^'''^ ^^''^ ^«^^^^"'^^- Muzzle pad 

 completely bare. Fore foot with third and fourth digits s^ib- 

 e.]ual and longest, second and fifth shorter, the large Vd-like 



tdtlvtHfol rl^^f^''" ?^"^^ "^ *^"'-^^ -"d fourth and the 



fkof If ' hfi't-shaped main pad, the combined area of 



u o digits greater than that of pad; thumb much shorter 



than other digits, the nail smaller, but not peculiar in form its 



extremity not reaching level of posterior boiler of ma n pa i 



1 scarcely indicated, no pad at its base; wrist pad single, near 

 Hini w' ^y^'^^fTf^^h^t more than half that of bait of toes. 

 •Uion/ rf''"*'''"7 ^'^ ^? ^"^^' ^^"t ^^'^""-^ '-^"d posterior pad 



Padsnndfir' '"^"f' 'l^'^^l^^ '''''''''^' .s"b-e.,ual throughout, 

 lads and balls narrowly edged with short hair 



of legs yellowish brown or buff, darker along median region of 



X 



