324 CARNIVORA 



noticeable inner and outer secondary cusp (the former soon 

 wearing away in /') much as in Canis ; along posterior border of 

 crown the cingulum shows a strong tendency to develop irregular 

 tubercles, a condition not observed in Vulpes vulpes. Canines 

 and premolars with no special peculiarities, the form of the upper 

 carnassial quite as in V. vulpes. Lower carnassial with posterior 

 heel narrower than main portion of tooth but not otherwise 

 peculiar. First upper molar with metaconule relatively less 

 developed than in Vulpes vulpes. 



Measurements. — For cranial measurements see Table, p. 322. 



Specimens examined. — Ten, from the following localities : — 

 Norway: Roros, Trondhjem, 1; Tolgen, Hedemarken, 2; Dovre, 2; 

 Egersund, Stavanger, 1. 



Sweden : No exact locality, 1 skull (U.S.N.M.). 



Lapland : No exact locality, 3 skulls (B.M. and U.S.N.M.). 



?. Roros, Trondhjem, Nor- Christiania Museum 95. 11. 14. 1. 

 way. (e). 



skull. Egersund, Stavanger. K.H.Schaauning(c). 11. G. 3. 12. 



2 9. Dovre. Christiania Museum 95. 11. 14. 2-3. 



(E). 



2 imm. Tolgen, Hedemarken. Christiania Museum 93. 3. 1. 1. 



(e). 0. 5. 2. 1. 



2 skuUs. Lapland. Wheelwright (c). 64.3.8.3-4. 



ALOPEX SPITZBERGENENSIS Barrett-Hamilton and Bonhote. 



1799. ? Canis fuliginosus Bechstein, Thomas Pennant's allgem. Uebersicht 

 d. vierfiiss. Thiere, i, p. 270 (Iceland). 



1799. ? Canis grocnlandicus Bechstein, Thomas Pennant's allgem. Ueber- 

 sicht d. vierfiiss. Thiere, i, p. 270 (Greenland). 



1898. Canis lagopus spitzhergcncnsis Barrett-Hamilton and Bonhote, Ann. 

 and Mag. Nat. Hist'., 7th ser., i, p. 287, April, 1898 (Spitzbergen). 

 T}'pe in British Museum. 



1910. Vulpes lagopus spitzbcrgensis and ? V. lagopus fuliginosxis Trouessart, 

 Faime Mamm. d'Europe, p. 97. 



Type locality. — Spitzbergen. 



GeograpMcal distribution. — Spitzbergen ; also Iceland and 

 Greenland 1 



Diagnosis. — Like Alopex lagopus but smaller, condylobasal 

 length of skull about 120 in males, about 114 in females. 



Colour. — Type (summer pelage) : colour pattern well defined 

 and exactly as in A. lagopus, but dark areas wood-brown against 

 which the cream-bufi" annulations of longer hairs make no marked 

 contrast. Another skin, also in summer pelage, is a uniform 

 dark slaty drab throughout, the hind feet darker and more 

 brown ; .sides and underparts with a few long white hairs 

 (50 mm.) ; lijis with slight grizzling due to presence of short 

 white hairs. 



Measurements. — For cranial and dental measurements see 

 Tables, pp. 322, 323. 



