422 CAENIVORA 



extension of palate longer than broad, emarginate postei'iorly ; 

 mesopterygoid fossa parallel sided except for its anterior 

 convexity, its total length nearly equal to that of posterior 

 extension of palate, the slender hamulars hooked outward. 

 Mandible robust, its lower margin faintly convex from broad, 

 ill-detined angular process to middle ; coronoid process high, 

 triangular, the anterior border slightly the longest. 



Teeth. — Relatively to size of skull the teeth are robust and 

 strong, though not unusually so. Incisors as in Maries martes, 

 but posterior shelf of i^ and P less developed, and P less strongly 

 contrasted in size with the two other teeth. Canines lower and 

 more robust than in Marten and enamel of lower tooth usually 

 less rugose. Anterior premolar both above and below (pm'^ and 

 jpjH,,) small, single-rooted, the crown area about equal to that of 

 outer upper incisor, the ill-developed cusp at front of crown, its 

 height scarcely etjual to \vidth of tooth. Middle upper premolar 

 (j^fu-^) two-rooted, compressed, the 

 outline of crown flattened-elliptical 

 when viewed from below, triangular 

 /'^'~" "^-^ when viewed from the side, the 



{^B (^ apex slightly in front of middle, the 



^ height a little less than length ; 



cingulum very slightly developed, 

 though rather evident at anterior 

 and posterior borders of crown. 

 Posterior lower premolar {p^D-i) 

 essentially like pitfi but larger and 

 relatively higher, its crown less com- 

 pressed posteriorly. Middle lower 

 j-iQ g,- premolar (pw'a) intermediate in size 



Mu.idnvutoriH^. Teeth. X 1^ <iiic^ fo™i between pm.^ and prn^. 

 Upper carnassial essentially like that 

 of Martes fu'tna, but with inner lobe usually even more reduced, 

 anterior border of main cusp less oblique, and posterior cusp 

 slightly larger. Lower carnassial with crown nearly 2h times as 

 long as wide, the main ti'enchant portion of the tooth formed by 

 the paraconid and jarotoconid, which are essentially similar to 

 those of Maries, though a little more compressed ; no trace of 

 metaconid ; posterior heel relatively small, its width distinctly 

 less than that of base of protoconid, its surface crossed by a low 

 but evident longitudinal trenchant ridge, the outer surface of 

 which sheers against inner surface of paracone and metacone of 

 upper molar. Second lower molar terete, flat, with slight median 

 longitudinal ridge, its crown area about equal to that of heel of 

 carnassial. Upper molar irregularly pandurate in outline, the inner 

 section slightly larger than the outer, the constriction evident 

 though not deep ; protocone low, terete, at middle of inner 

 section of tooth ; paracone and metacone small, confluent, the 

 paracone slightly larger than protocone, the metacone much 



