L'l'.IMITIVE WEAPONS AND ARMOR OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 55 



etched in transversely placed designs. The ferrule extends a dis- 

 tance of 12.5 centhneters (4.9 inches) up the shaft. Beginning at the 

 ferrule and continuing a distance of 49 centimeters (19.3 inches) the 

 shaft is wire wound, with brass wire punched in ornamental designs 

 and figures. The remainder of the shaft is shod with alternate bands 

 of brass and silver. Each band is fixed in position by small brass 

 rivets and a grooved depression on the surface of the shaft into which 

 the two joined and looped ends of each band are punched before 

 riveting. The shaft cap or spud is formed of hammered brass wire. 

 The shaft tapers from the blade end to proximal end so that the 

 bulk of the weight lies near the blade, and accuracy of flight is 

 insured. 



Length of spear shaft and blade, 1 meter 97 centimeters (75.7 

 inches). Collected by Misses E. H. and S. S. Metcalf. (PI. 6, No. 

 12.) Cat. No. 286260, U.S.N.M. 



Spear^ Bagoho, southeastern Mindanao, — In this weapon as in 

 otlier Bagobo spears the blade and shaft approach a definite type 

 showing long acquaintance with brass, also the development of an 

 ornamental technic that rivals the most excellent metal craft of 

 any Malaysian tribe, including the Moro. The blade and shaft are 

 similar to the spears just described in design, materials employed, 

 and in ornamentation. Detailed variation is in the ornamentation 

 of the brass ferrule which here takes on an intricate scrolled pattern 

 alternating with a banded rickrack border. Braided rattan wrapping- 

 takes the place of the brass wire wrapping of other Bagobo spears 

 described. This applies also to the sheath which is capped v/ith a 

 figured brass button and wrapped with an open-work lacing of rattan 

 splints, except at the basal end, where the rattan splints are braided 

 into a close twilled weave. 



Length of blade from point to ferrule, 35.6 centimeters (14 inches). 

 Collected by Misses E. H. and S. S. Metcalf. (PL 6, No. 8.) Cat. 

 No. 286256, U.S.N.M. 



Chevaux de frise, path splinters, and pitfalls. — A custom practiced 

 by all tribes of the Philippines is the placing of bamboo or palm- 

 wood spikes to impede the progress of an enemy or in the capture 

 of game animals. Jenks writes that sharp-pointed bamboo spikes 

 are often stuck in the trails by war parties returning from some 

 expedition when retaliation is expected on the part of the victimized 

 group. The spikes are placed along the trails at an angle and pro- 

 trude to a sufficient height to pierce the unwary in the groin or 

 upper thigh. This is the type of spike used by the Ibilao of south- 

 eastern Nueva Vizcaya Province. A shorter spike, used by the 

 Bontok group, is designed to pierce the bottom of the feet or to 



