18 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 206 



c'. Parotoids large; dorsum more or less spotted, at least in young. 



di. Heavy tibial glands present; parotoids twice as long as broad, tapering 



posteriorly paracnemis (p. 32) 



(P. No tibial glands. 



e'. Parotoids very heavy, almost elliptical, twice as long as broad, 

 rounded posteriorly; nostril a little nearer to tip of snout than 

 to eye; interorbital diameter almost twice that of upper eyelid; 



tympanum ^ eye diameter ictericus ictericus (p. 26) 



e^. Parotoids not conspicuously heavy, about 2}i times as long as broad; 

 interorbital diameter 1% times that of upper eyelid; tympanum 



Ya eye diameter rufus (p. 36) 



fc2. Upper jaw extending well beyond lower jaw anteriorly. 



f*. Nostrils swollen, giving concave outline to side of snout, as viewed from 

 above; back sometimes spotted but not conspicuously ocellated. 

 d*. Tympanum distinct, V^ eye diameter; dor.sal tubercles small, numerous, 

 rather evenly distributed over back. 



granulosus granulosus (p. 22) 

 d^. Tympanum not distinct, apparently Ys eye diameter; dorsal tubercles 

 coarse, some arranged in more or less parallel rows next to mid- 

 dorsal line granulosus d'orbignyi (p. 25) 



c^. Nostrils normal, sides of snout straight; dorsal pattern of several large, 

 dark ocelli with light rims ocellatus (p. 30) 



Bufo crucifer Wied 



Plate 3, Figures a-c 



1821. Bufo crucifer Wied, p. 132 (type locality, between Sao Pedro de Alcantara 



[Santa Catarina] and Barra da Vereda). — Peters, 1872b, p, 773; 1873a, 

 p. 221.— BouLENGER, 1882a, p. 316; 1882b, p. 466; 1886b, p. 443; 1891a, 

 p. 136; 1898a, p. 132.— Boettger, 1892, p. 39.— Peracca, 1896, p. 12.— 

 Berg, 1896, pp. 151, 193. — Andersson, 1906, p. 12. — Wandolleck, 

 1907, p. 13, pi. 1, figs. 4, 4a, 5, 5a.— Baumann, 1912, p. 96. — L. MtJLLER, 

 1922, p. 170; 1927, p. 264.— Nieden, 1923, p. 144.— Mertens, 1926a, 

 p. 6; 1930, p. 161. — Brazil and Vellard, 1926, p. 23, photograph. — 

 MiRANDA-RiBEiRO, 1926, p. 134, pi. 18; 1937a, p. 56. — Luederwaldt, 

 1929, p. 40.— deWitte, 1930a, p. 229,— Vellard and Vianna, 1931, 

 p. 12.— A. LuTZ, 1934, pp. 125, 150. pi. 22, fig. 1, pi. 24, pi. 27, fig. 1.— 

 Ahl, 1936, p. 389.— Carvalho, 1937, p. 12.— Mello-Leitao, 1937, 

 p. 331.— Schubart, 1939, p. 56.— Parker, 1939, p. 87.— Myers, 1946, 

 pp. 10, 27.— Travassos, 1945, p. 500. 



1822. Bufo cinctus—ScRmz, 1822, p. 177.— Wied, 1824a, pi. [15]; 1824b, p. 672 



(type locality, eastern Brazil, principally Rio Espfrito Santo); 1825, 

 p. 564. 



1824. Bufo ornaius Spix, p. 45, pi. 16, fig. 2 (type locality, Province of Rio de 

 Janeiro).— Wied, 1824a, pi. [61], fig. 2; 1825, p. 558.— GxJnther, 1858, 

 p. 64. — Steindachner, 1867, p. 46. — Hensel, 1867, p. 147. — Cun- 

 ningham, 1871, p. 468. — EsPADA, 1875, p. 204. — Boettger, 1885, pp. 

 246, 437.— A. Lutz, 1934, pp. 129, 155.— Mello-Leitao, 1937, p. 331. 



1824. Bufo dorsalis Spix, p. 46, pi. 17, fig. 2 (type locality. Province of Rio de 

 Janeiro). — Hensel, 1867, p. 144. 



1824. Bufo stellatus Spix, p. 46, pi. 18, fig. 1 (type locality. Province of Bahia). 



1824. Bufo scaber Spix, p. 47, pi. 20, fig. 1 (type locality, Province of Rio de 

 Janeiro) . 



