FROGS OF SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL — COCHRAN 41 



middorsal row of larger tubercles from occiput almost to sacrum 

 and a few scattered tubercles on snout and between the eyes, although 

 the skin of the entire top of head appears to be ossified with the skull; 

 the tuberculate lateral fold already mentioned ends in a loose inguinal 

 membrane suggesting the similarly formed axillary wing of the Hyla 

 marmorata group; upper femur and tibia with larger tubercles; venter 

 finel}'" granular on chin, coarsely so on belly and lower femur. (A 

 median external vocal pouch in the male.) 



Dimensions. — Head and body 48 mm.; head length 15 mm., width 

 18 mm.; femur 20 mm.; tibia 21 m.m.; foot 17 mm.; hand 13 mm. 



Color in alcohol. — Dorsum wood brown, with a dark, narrow mid- 

 dorsal line and some dark spots irregularly'' scattered on upper limb 

 surfaces and dorsolateral region; two faint, dark brown bars across 

 upper femur, tibia, and foot, and a very dark bar nearl}^ encircling the 

 forearm; side of head buff, with a dark bar below eye; venter buff, 

 with darker mo tilings on thi-oat and chest. 



Remarks. — This species has long been known from as far south as 

 Bahia, since the Cope collection contained several examples (ANS 

 2301-4) from there. The IVIuseu Paulista, Buenos Aires, has addi- 

 tional Bahian examples and one from Golds, while the Musee Royale 

 d'Histoire Naturelle, Brussels, has one from Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo. 

 It is not surprising therefore to find the species well represented at 

 TeresopoLis in the State of Rio de Janeiro, and further careful collecting 

 will undoubtedly discover it in Minas Gerais. Miiller and Hellmich 

 (1936, p. 20) report examples from the Chaco region in Argentina as 

 well as from Bolivia. 



A discussion of the status of B. alatus Thominot and other forms 

 outside the region covered here must await the assembling of more 

 material. 



In a comparison of the Teres6polis specimens with a series from 

 Salto da Hua, on Rio Maturaca on the Brazilian-Venezuelan boundary, 

 the subarticular tubercles on the toes of the former seemed very 

 much smaller than those of the latter; and on other examples of 

 typhonius from Ecuador and Panama the tubercles are found to vary 

 greatly in size, so that no basis for subspecific separation seems to be 

 indicated by these local variations. 



Occasionally one of the half-grown toads is vinaceous to light burnt 

 carmine above, the contrast between this and the usual brown-and- 

 yellow coloration being very striking indeed. The color pattern is 

 extremely variable, some individuals having a pale dorsolateral line, 

 some a pattern of large or small dorsal spots somewhat suggesting 

 those of certain examples of Bufo crucifer, and many are without any 

 dorsal markings at all. A young toad from Bahia, USNM 102313, has 



