FROGS OF SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL — COCHRAN 207 



and are evidently at an early stage of development, as their shape is 

 still nearly spherical; they are without large transparent outer en- 

 velopes as in Hyla eggs and are apparentljT- covered and cemented 

 together by an opaque jellylike substance. The mass is applied to 

 the tip and edges of a small leaf, which retains its tubular form due 

 to its having been folded around the eggs. Another clutch of eggs 

 taken from an orange tree at Manguinhos on February 22, 1926, 

 numbers 105 larvae, some of which are just on the point of leaving 

 the nest, having attained a complete though diminutive tadpole 

 form. The tadpole at this stage has a total length of between 10 and 

 11 mm., the tail comprising two-thirds of this, and the gills are well 

 on the way to complete absorption before it enters the water. Among 

 some tadpoles taken at Manguinhos in February 1923, USNM 96154, 

 two on which hind legs are in evidence but on which the forelimbs are 

 not yet out measure 40 and 42 mm., respectively, in total length and 

 the head and body in both measures 15 mm.; in a third, metamor- 

 phosis is nearly complete and the head and body are 16 mm. in length. 



Specimens examined 

 BRAZIL: 



DiSTRiCTO Federal: Amorim, USNM 96210 (eggs), A. Lutz, January 1926. 

 Bom Successo, USNM 96155-61, A. Lutz, 1920. Manguinhos, USNM 

 96121-6, 96154, 97243, 99110-4, A. Lutz. Recreio dos Bandeirautes, USNM 

 97575, B. Lutz, Cocliran, and Venancio, Feb. 9, 1935. Rio de Janeiro, 

 USNM 91145-6, A. Lutz; ZSBS, A. Lutz, 1923. Tijuca, USNM 97401-2, 

 A. Lutz, Cochran, and Venancio, Jan. 21, 1935. 



MiNAS Gerais: Passa Quatro, USNM 96912-3, Zikan, 1923. 



Rio de Janeiro: Niter6i, USNM 96399, A. Lutz, October 1923. Teres6polis, 

 USNM 101721, Miranda-Ribeiro. 



Genus Trachycephalus Tschudi 



1838. Trachycephalus Tschtjdi, p. 74. (Genotype, Trachycephalus nigromaculatua 

 Tschudi.) 



This genus, as w^ell as Aparasphenodon, is easily distinguished from 

 Hyla and Phyllomedusa by having the derm of the head involved in 

 the cranial ossification. In Trachycephalus the snout is not bony or 

 enlarged beyond the limits fouud in the genus Hyla, but in Aparasphe- 

 nodon the heavily ridged casque is continuous with the extended bony 

 rim of the upper lip, which projects considerably beyond the labial 

 border. 



Trachycephalus and Aparasphenodon are provided with palatine as 

 well as vomerine teeth, both lacking the parasphenoids. 



The pupil in Aparasphenodon is diamond-shaped, but in Trachy- 

 cephalus it is a transverse slit, either wide or narrow depending on the 

 amount of light to which the living frog has been subjected. 



