FROGS OF SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL — COCHRAN 325 



to this pale bar being dull sepia ; a narrow dark line along can thus, the 

 loreal and lip region below this being white, with a faint brown reticu- 

 lation on the edge of the lip ; a narrow dark line bordering the glandular 

 dorsolateral fold ; a transverse dark bar across the nape between these 

 two lines but not connecting with them; upper surfaces of arms with 

 dark crossbars, those on upper surfaces of leg much less distinct; 

 posterior surface of femur sepia with numerous small white spots; 

 venter immaculate cream buff. 



Remarks. — I follow Dr. Lorenz Miiller (1927) in attributing the 

 "bull-frogs" of Brazil south of the Amazon region to the subspecies 

 labyrinthicus. The statistical analysis of 34 specimens of this group 

 from British Guiana to Parand does not show any significant geo- 

 graphic variation in any of the six critical measurements. 



The dorsolateral folds are strong in Sao Paulo frogs and in some 

 from Kartabo, British Guiana. They are moderate in one from Sao 

 Paulo, three from Goids and Mato Grosso, and foiu" from Venezuela 

 and Amazonas. The dorsum is rough in Sao Paulo frogs, and equally 

 so in one from Kartabo, although most of the northern ones are smooth. 

 One from Amazonas, two from British Guiana, two from Mato Grosso, 

 and two from Sao Paulo have well-developed lateral glands, but other 

 specimens from the same localities lack them. A postfemoral gland 

 occurs in one from Mato Grosso and in two from Sao Paulo. Thus, 

 the usual details of structure vary considerably, as much so in frogs 

 coming from the same state as between those from the northern and 

 southern limits of the range. 



No conclusion can be reached regarding the Itatiaia form, flavopictus 

 until more specimens have been studied; until then it seems best to 

 recognize it as a subspecies of Leptodactylus pentadactylus. 



Some large adidts of L. p. pentadactylus from Ceara, Rio Grande do 

 Norte, and Paralba have a row of irregular, rounded glands from 

 behind the tympanum along the sides to the groin. In USNM 109144 

 from Campina Grande, Paraiba, these glands are particularly promi- 

 nent. They do not become elongate, however, as in the unique 

 specimen of L. p. flavopictus, which has two very regular long glands, 

 one above the shoulder, the other in front of the groin. In 109144 

 four or five large beadlike glands extend from the car halfway down 

 the side, followed by a few weak ones, and some larger and heavier 

 glands occur just in front of the groin. This specimen, a male, has 

 a head and body length of 181 mm., with enormously developed spurs 

 on chest and pollex, the latter almost as long as the first finger, so that 

 this digit appears double. A trace of the original reddish gi-ound 

 color remains on the femur of some of these frogs, although the back 

 and upper limb surfaces are now a uniform sooty black. 



