Nov. 5, 1921 



Biology of Embaphion muricatum 



329 



set with small, soft sets; similar outfit lacking on the other abdominal segments. 

 Epipleural region narrow. Tergal region with a dark line above the spiracle. Tergal 

 shield (ter) single, posteriorly with a dark, longitudinally striated margin. Anterior 

 abdominal segments transverse, slightly wider than long; sixth, seventh, and eighth 

 abdominal segments subquadrate. Ninth abdominal segment smaller than the 

 preceding segment ; dorsal part or pygidium pointing upwards, subconically produced, 

 above somewhat flattened, below broadly convex, apex obtuse, laterally with margin 

 set with a single series of strong, short setse, whole siuface with scattered, fine setae; 

 ventral part of ninth segment small, transverse, soft. Tenth abdominal segment 

 (or "anal segment") small, with trilobate upper transverse anal lip, with a pair of 

 conical and, except at the tip, setose ambulatory warts, laterally to anus a small 

 triangular lower lip. Spiracles (Pi. 32, I) annular, shortly oval, transversely placed; 

 opening at the bottom of cup-shaped peritrema, linear, unprotected by hairs. The 

 number and development of setae on the first pair of legs vary according to species 

 and do not offer any generic character. The same is the case with the setal arrange- 

 ment of pygidium. 



Fig. I. — Pupa of Embaphion mu- 

 ricatum, dorsal view. 



Fig. 2. — Pupa of Embaphion mw 

 ricaium., ventral view. 



PUPA (FIG. I, 2) 



Length 11 mm. Width 5.6 mm. Free. Arcuate. Color pinkish white, with 

 ferruginous tinge on pronotiun. Femora and tarsi fuscate, other appendages partly 

 translucent. Pupa becomes more strongly colored immediately before issuance of 

 adult. Head pressed to prostemum. Pronotum broad and projecting somewhat 

 anterior to head, making the head nearly invisible from above. Frons impressed. 

 Vertex prominent. Antennae placed backward near sides of prothorax. Mesonotum 

 narrow. Legs not pressed against body. Tips of wing cases extending to the an- 

 terior margin of metanotum. Second to fifth abdominal segments bearing on each 

 side of tergites flat, lacerated protuberances, obtuse, pointed and directed posteriorly. 

 Eighth segment ending in two slightly divergent, acute processes. 



