Nov. 26, 1921 



Transportation Rots of Stone Fruits 



471 



A discussion of the results from the cherry experiments is given on 

 pages 474-477- 



SPRAYED AND UNSPRAYED ITALIAN AND AGEN PRUNES IN TRANSIT 



AND IN STORAGE 



The prune is best known as a dried product, but a considerable part of 

 the western crop, especially from the irrigated districts, is shipped to 

 the eastern markets as "green" or fresh prunes. The question of the 

 development of rots is a very important one in such shipments, and it is 

 also an important consideration when delays occur at the drying plants. 



The spraying experiments were made in the orchards of A. W. Moody, 

 Felida, Wash., and L. T. Reynolds, Salem, Oreg. Both Italian and Agen 

 (Petite or French) prunes were included in the tests. The spray materials 

 were similar to those described for the cherries. In 1915,1918, and 191 9 a 

 4-4-50 Bordeaux was used, and in 1916 and 1917 a 2-4-50 Bordeaux. 

 In 1916 to 1919, inclusive, a 50-35-15 sulphur dust ^ was used in the 

 earlier applications and a 50-50-0 in the last. In 19 19 a second sulphur 

 dust plot was given an 85-0-15 mixture in the earlier application and 

 an 85-15-0 mixture in the last, and two different brands of Bordeaux 

 dust were tested. 



In 1915 sprayings were made March 24, April 8, May i, June 21, and 

 August 6 in the first orchard, and May 29, June 21, and August 6 in the 

 second orchard; in 19 16, April 8 to 12, April 25 to 27, May 30 and 

 August 30 at Felida, Wash., and April i, April 21, and June 16 at Salem, 

 Oreg., in 1917, April 28, May 18, June 15, and September 12; in 1918, 

 April II, April 29, May 27, and August 20; and in 1919, April 8, April 

 25, May 21, and August 25. The earlier applications (before May 10) 

 were for the control of blossom infection and probably had little effect 

 upon the occurrence of rot on the ripe fruit. 



Table VII. — Effect of spraying Italian prunes, Felida, Wash., IQI5^ 



First orchard . 



Second orchard. 



Orchard treatment. 



Bordeaux 



Self-boiled lime 



sulphur. 

 Commercial lime 



sulphur. 



Untreated 



Bordeaux 



Self-boiled lime 



sulphur. 

 Commercial lime 



sulphur. 

 Untreated 



Percent- 

 age of 



Monilia 

 rot at 



harvest. 



0.9 



•7 



3-4 

 4.2 



Z-3, 

 4.8 



5-4 



Percentage of rot Sept. sr, after 

 shipment and storage. 



Monilia. 



2.7 



7.0 



9-3 



30-3 



35-7 



20. 6 

 56.0 



Peni- 

 cillium. 



Rhizopus, 



27.7 

 36-4 



44.2 



29.8 

 22.7 ] 



25-4 ! 



32.6 j 



I 

 14. 1 i 



33-5 

 31-5 



21-5 



28.5 

 28.8 

 38.9 



17-5 

 28.6 



Percent- 

 age 

 sound 

 Sept. ai. 



36. I 

 25-1 



25.0 



II. 4 



12.8 



7-9 



29-3 



1-3 



' The trees in the first'orchard were 24 years old, and those in the second 15. The prunes were har- 

 vested Sept. 7 to 10, shipped to Wenatchee, Wash., by ordinary express, and held without refrigeration 

 till Sept. 21. 



Fifty pounds sulphur dust. 35 pounds of lime, and is pounds arsenate of lead. 



