THE PIED WOODPECKERS. II 



minal half, the two outer feathers white with a black spot at 

 the base ; none of the tail-feathers barred ; wing-coverts and 

 all the quills spotted with white; nasal plumes buffy-white, 

 tipped with black ; a scarlet band on the occiput. " Bill 

 bluish-grey, towards the end black; feet bluish-grey; iris 

 brown " {J. J. Audubon). Total length, 8-5 inches ; culmen, 

 1-25; wings, 4*85; tail, 3*0; tarsus, 0-85. 



Adult Female. — Similar to the male, but having no scarlet 

 band on the occiput. Total length, 8*5 inches; wing, 4"8. 



Young. — Differs from the adults in having the feathers of the 

 crown tipped with orange-red. 



Range in Great Britain. — On two occasions the Hairy Wood- 

 pecker is said to have occurred in the British Islands, both 

 occurrences having taken place in Yorkshire : one a hundred 

 years ago, and another near Whitby in 1849. The latter 

 specimen has been presented by Mr. F. Bond to the British 

 Museum. 



Range outside the British Islands. — According to Mr. Hargitt, 

 North America, from the Atlantic to the eastern base of the 

 Rocky Mountains, and sometimes to the west of the latter. 



III. THE DOWNY WOODPECKER. DENDROCOPUS PUBESCENS. 



Picas pubescens^ Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 175 (1766). 

 Dendrocopus pubescens^ Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 

 238 (1890). 



Adult Male. — Of small size. Black and white, with a broad 

 white stripe down the middle of the back, and distinguished 

 by having bars on the lateral tail-feathers ; a red band on the 

 occiput. Total length, 6 inches; culmen, 0-65; wing, 375; 

 tail, 2*3 ; tarsus, 0-65. 



Adult Female. — Similar to the male, but with more or less 

 white on the occiput, which has no red band on this part of 

 the head. Total length, 6 inches; wing, 3-9. 



Young Male. — Like the adult, but wanting the red occipital 

 band; the whole of the feathers of the crown being tipped 

 with red, with dusky bases; the occiput spotted with dull 

 white ; some obscure dusky stripes on the sides of the body 

 and under tail-coverts. 



