54* PASSEllES. 



North-east China, and can only be regarded as subspeeifieally distinct 

 from its western representative,, though it has been described as 

 Tiinhis sol'dnritis (Muller, Natursyst. Suppl. p. 1 12) as long ago as 

 177G. The length of wing varies from 4^ to 5 inches. 



Figures : Daubenton, Planches Enlurainees, no. 636 (male), no. 

 564, fig. 2 (female). 



The eastern race of the Blue Rock -Thrush is a common summer 

 visitor to all the Japanese Islands, and is occasionally seen in winter 

 in Southern Japan (Blakiston and Pryer, Trans. As. Soc. Japan, 1882, 

 p. 163). There are two examples in the Swinhoc collection from 

 Ilakodadi (SMinhoc, Ibis, 1874, p. 157), and eight in the Pryer col- 

 lection from Yokohama. Mr. Ringer has obtained it at Nagasaki, 

 where the examples procured by the Siebold Expedition, and recorded 

 as Tardus manillensis, were probably obtained (Temminck and 

 Schlcgcl, Fauna Japonica, Aves, p. 0)7). It is very common on the 

 Bonin Islands, whence I have a series in various stages of plumage 

 collected by Mr. Hoist (Scebohm, Ibis, 1890, p. 98). Capt. Rodgers 

 procured it from the Loo-Choo Islands (Cassin, Proc. Acad. Philad. 

 1862, p. 314) ; and there are three examples in the Pryer collection 

 from the same locality (Seebolim, Ibis, 1887, p. 174). 



The range of the Blue Rock-Thrush extends from Spain across 

 Southern Europe and Central Asia to China. The eastern form 

 breeds in Japan, in the valley of the Ussuri in Eastern Siberia, 

 and in Formosa, wintering in South-east China and the islands of 

 the Malay Archipelago. 



Intermediate forms between the Eastern and Western races are very- 

 common in China, and an example in the Norwich ]\Iuseum sent by 

 Mr. Ringer from Nagasaki, as well as one in the British Museum, 

 ])robably from the same locality, show traces of blue on many feathers 

 of the belly apparently derived from a strain of Western blood. 



17. CINCLUS PALLASI. 

 (SIBERIAN BLACK-BELLIED DIPPER.) 



Cinclua pallasii, Temminck, Mau. d'Orn. i. p. 177 (1820). 



The Siberian Black-bellied DipjK'r, like its Himalayan ally, is 

 cliocolate-brown aljove and l)elow, but is darker and less rufous than 

 that species. 



Figures: Temminck and Schlcgel, Fauna .laponica, Aves, pi. 31 ( 

 (adult and young) . 



