104 PASSERES. 



73. LANIUS MAGNIROSTRIS. 

 (THICK-BILLED SHRIKE.) 



Lanim magnirostfis, Lesson, Zool. Voy. Indes-Or. p. 251 (1834). 



The Thick-billed Shrike has the crown and nape grey, the back, 

 rump, and upper tail-coverts chestnut, barred with black, and the tail 

 plain russet. 



Figures : Walden, Ibis, 18G7, pi. 6. 



The Thick-billed Shrike is a very rare bird in Japan. There is an 

 example in the Prycr collection from Yokohama (Sccbohm, Ibis, 

 1884, p. 37); and a second example was obtained by Mr, Jouy on 

 Fuji-yama during July (Blakiston, Am. List Birds of Japan, p. ID). 



The Thick-billed Shrike breeds on the shores of the Japanese Sea, 

 north of Vladivostok (Taczauowski, Journ. Orn. 1876, p. 197), and 

 in Central Cliina ; it Avinters in the Malay Peninsula. 



74. LANIUS SUPERCILIOSUS. 

 (JAPANESE RED-TAILED SHRIKE.) 



Laiiius superciliosus, Latham, Index Oni. Suppl. p. xx (1801), 



The Japanese Red-tailed Shrike has the crown, nape, back, rump, 

 u])pcr tail-eovcrts, and tail rich chestnut. 



Figures : Walden, Ibis, 1867, pi. 5. fig. 2 (erroneously named 

 Lunius ]}hoenicurus) . 



The Japanese Rcd-tailcd Shrike is probably only a summer visitor 

 to Yezzo aud Southern Japan. There is an example from llakodadi 

 in the Swinhoe collection (Swiuhoc, Ibis, 1875, p. 450); and there 

 are eight examples in the Prycr collection from Yokohauia. 



It winters in some numbers in ^lalacca. So far is certain, but 

 whetlier it also breeds in Malacca, or whether any of the Japanese 

 birds remain in Soiilhoni J;ipan during the winter, is unknown. 



The Japanese Red-tailed Shrike aj)i)ears to be a rufous island form 

 ol" tlie Indian Red-tailed Shrike, Lanius cristutiis, with whicli it ahnost 

 secius to intcrgrade; that is to say, that the l)riglitcst examples from 

 Eastern Siberia scarcely differ from the dullest examples IVom Japan, 

 tliougli a scries of the one arc very different on an average from a 

 series of the other. There can be no doubt that the Siberian birds 

 (the Lunius phuninniis of Pallas), of which 1 have a large series 



