GAVI^. 211 



the sides of the lower neck. In its winter plumage it resembles the 

 Marbled Guillemot, but is easily distinguished from that species by- 

 its shorter bill (-6 instead of "8 inch from frontal feathers) , its longer 

 tarsus (1-0 instead of '7 inch), and by the absence of white on the 

 scapulars. The wing from the carpal joint varies from 5*2 to 

 5 "6 inches. No other Japanese Guillemot combines all these measure- 

 ments, except Temminck's Guillemot, which has a crest in summer 

 plumage. In winter the two species are very diflScult to distinguish. 



Figures : Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Aves, pi. 80. 



Bering's Guillemot has long been known to be a visitor to the 

 Kurile Islands (Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso- Asiat. ii. p. 368) ; and many 

 examples were obtained by the Siebold Expedition at Nagasaki, 

 whence I have a male in winter plumage procured by Mr. Colling- 

 wood on the 24th of February. I have four examples collected in 

 June by Mr. Snow on the Kurile Islands, where he found it breeding 

 (Blakiston and Pryer, Trans. As. Soc. Japan, 1882, p. 90). There 

 is an example in the Swinhoe collection from Hakodadi, procured by 

 Captain Blakiston in April (Swinhoe, Ibis, 1874, p. 166) ; and there 

 are eight examples in the Pryer collection from the Yokohama 

 market, where it is abundant during winter. 



The breeding-range of Bering's Guillemot extends eastwards from 

 the Kurile Islands and the Commander Islands, across the Aleutian 

 chain to the islands on the south coast of Alaska as far east as Sitka. 

 It is not known to occur further north. 



272. ALCA WUMIZUSUME. 

 (TEMMINCK'S GUILLEMOT.) 



TJria tctimizusmne, Temminck, Planches Colorizes, no. 679 (1835). 



Temminck's Guillemot almost exactly resembles Alca antiqua, 

 except that in summer plumage it is furnished with a black occipital 

 crest. 



Figures : Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Aves, pi. 79. 



Temminck's Guillemot was originally described from Japan, whence 

 it was probably procured near Nagasaki. It has since been recorded 

 from Simoda (Cassin, Exp. Am, Squad. China Seas and Japan, ii. 

 p. 233), but is probably only an occasional visitor to the main 

 islands, as no specimens have reached this country. It is said to 



