GALLING. 373 



380. TETRAO BONASTA. 

 (HAZEL-GROUSE.) 



Tetrao Ijonasia, Linueus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 275 (1766). 



The Hazel-Grouse is less than the Ptarmigan^ the autumn plumage 

 of which it slightly resembles, except that its wiugs are brown. The 

 tarsi are featliered, but not the toes. 



Figures : Dresser, Birds of Europe, vii. pi. 486. 



The Hazel-Grouse is a resident on the island of Yezzo (Whitely, 

 Ibis, 1867, p. 204), but is not known from any of the more southerly 

 islands. I have five examples collected by Mr. Henson near Hakodadi ; 

 and there are five other examples from Yezzo in the Pryer collection. 



The breeding-range of the Hazel-Grouse extends from Japan 

 across Siberia and Europe to the Pyrenees, but does not reach the 

 British Islands. 



The Hazel-Grouse of Japan is the same as that which is found in 

 the valley of the Amoor, in South-western Siberia, and in Europe 

 (whence I have examples from Russia, Sweden, the Carpathians, and 

 the Apennines). It differs from the race which I found in the lower 

 valley of the Yenesay in being more rufous in colour and in having 

 a longer tail (5*4 to 4"5 inches, instead of 4'6 to 4'1 inches). 



381. CCTURNIX COMMUNIS. 

 (COMMON QUAIL.) 



Coturniv communis, Bonnaterre, Tabl. Eiicycl. et Method, i. p. 217 (1790). 



The Quail is a small bird (wing from carpal joint 4^ to 3^ inches), 

 and bears a remarkable resemblance to a Hemipode, but may be at 

 once distinguished by its hind toe. 



Figures : Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Aves, pi. 61, 

 under the name of Coturnix vulgaris japonica. 



The Quail was originally described as a Japanese bird by Temminck 

 and Schlegel, in the ' Fauna Japonica,^ from examples obtained by 

 the Siebold Expedition, most probably near Nagasaki, whence ex- 

 amples have been sent to the Norwich Museum by Mr. Ringer. In 

 May 1854 it was procured by the Perry Expedition at Hakodadi 



