RICHARD'S PIPIT. 603 



secondaries are intermediate ; the outer pair of tail-feathers 

 dull white, with an elongated dark patch at the l)ase of the 

 inner weh ; the second pair very similar, hut with the dark 

 patch extending nearly to the tip, and the shaft dark hrown ; 

 the rest are hrown, the third pair having a slight trace of 

 white at the tip, and the middle pair, which are shorter than 

 the others, edged with light wood-hrown ; the chin and throat 

 are white, passing into huff on the sides of the neck and on 

 the breast and again becoming paler on the belly, the middle 

 of which, with the thighs and lower tail-coverts, is nearly 

 white, the flanks however are clouded with dull buff ; from the 

 lower corner of the bill there runs on each side a line of 

 dark brown, lanceolate spots, which becoming broken up 

 spreads over the breast so as to form a kind of gorget, and 

 loses itself on the sides of the body : legs, toes and claws, 

 pale flesh-colour ; the hind claw very long, and but slightly 

 curved. 



The whole length of the male is about seven inches and 

 three-quarters. From the carpal joint to the end of the 

 longest primary, three inches and five-eighths, but the species 

 varies a good deal in size; the second, third and fourth feathers 

 of the wing are very nearly equal in length, but the third is 

 rather the longest. 



The female resembles the male, but is said to be less 

 rufous : the young have the upper parts duller and paler, 

 with rather more spots on the throat and breast. 



Vigors suggested the removal of Richard's Pipit from the 

 genus Anthus, proposing for it the term Corydalla (Zool. 

 Journ. ii. p. 397), and this distinction has been adopted by 

 many systematic writers. 



The woodcuts at the foot of page 585 shew the feet of the 

 four commoner British species of Pipit in the order in which 

 they have been described here — namely, fig. 1 the Tree-Pipit, 

 fig. 2 the Meadow-Pipit, fig. 3 the Rock-Pipit and fig. 4 

 Richard's Pipit. 



