AgricuHural Jour it (il of Victoria. 



In the Graves, where the cultural operations are done by hand or 

 with teams, the pruning methods do not differ much from those of Medoc. 



Vines are simply formed to a height of from 14 to 15 inches, 

 instead of from 6 to 8 inches, and when they become old they often 

 reach 20 to 24 inches. Each branch carries two arms, formed like a 

 " V," each arm carrying a long rod fastened to a stake 5 to Q\ feet 

 in length (Fig. 43), the voung shoots being also fastened to the stake 

 (Fig. 44). 



Two systems obtain in vineyards cultivated with ploughs : 1st, 

 the rods may be fixed to stakes, as is the case when the vineyard is 

 worked by hand, or on wires at a greater height than in Medoc ; 2nd, 

 they may be fastened on wires (as is the case in that region) or laths 

 12 to 16 inches hig-h. 



In the Palus the vines are generally much more vigorous, and 

 carry three arms, with one or more long rods on each arm (Fig. 45). 



Two of the rods extend horizontally, 

 fastened to a stake 6| to 10 feet in 

 height. A third stake placed in the 

 centre supports the trunk and sometimes 

 tlie third rod. 



At Sauternes spaliers are formed 

 with two arms, and sometimes three or 

 four, disposed like a fan in a single 

 plane, each arm carrying one spur of 

 two or three eyes and no rods. 



Bach crown is from 8 to 12 inches 

 above the level of the soil, and a long 

 stake 6 1 to 8 feet in length supports 

 the growth of the year (Fig. 46). The 



stakes are sometimes replaced by horizontal lines of wires, one at 



2 feet, the other at 4ft. 3in. above the ground. 



At Saint-Emilion vines are trained rather differently. The two 

 or three first years (Fig. 47) one single spur of three eyes is retained 



Fig. 43. 

 Graves vine after pruninj^ (after Foex). 



Fig. 44. — Graves vines near Bordeaux (after Foex) 



