Thv Codlin Moth. 59 



possible means of destroying- the first brood, es])ecia]ly when it is 

 known that every pair of moths lay u]) t(i eio'hty eg'g's, tlie im])()rtance 

 of destroying the first Ijrood is a])parL'nt. 



Preventive Measures. 



It is very important that orchards shoukl be ke})t clean, no litter or 

 I'ubbish of any kind lying- abont that will give harbour to the grub. 

 All loose bark on the trees should be scraped off and burnt, and any 

 holes that could shelter the grubs filled u]) with putty, so as to lessen 

 their hiding places. Props that may have l)een used to support the 

 branches should be carefully looked over, and all grubs destroyed, 

 the broken ends of branches should be neatly cut off, and, if these 

 suggestions are carefully carried out, the first brood of moths will be 

 materially reduced. Returned empty fruit cases are a fruitful source 

 of infection. All growers should have a large boiler on their premises, 

 so that cases may be scalded before being taken into the orchard. 

 It is very satisfactory to know that the De])artment of Agriculture is 

 constructing two dips' in Melbourne in connection with the markets, 

 where all empty cases can be disinfected before being taken home, or 

 consigned up country by rail. Bandages should be placed on all the 

 trees early in November, in a mixed orchard it is advisable that every 

 tree should be bandaged, as the grubs sometimes crawl along the 

 ground for a considerable distance before finding a place to harbour. 

 Bandages should be examined every week, and grubs destroyed. This 

 should not by any means be neglected, especially during warm 

 weather, because the grub, when it leaves the apple, soon enters the 

 chrysalis state and emerges as the moth in a few days ready to lay her 

 eggs. 



The fallen apples should be picked up every day and scalded or 

 destroyed. 



Spraying. 



Spraying for the destruction of the moth is, perha])s, the best 

 method of dealing with the pest, ^riie first spraying should be given 

 about the middle of October when the petals fall, for then the calyx 

 cup of the young fruit is open and ready to receive the poison. The 

 spraying should therefore be done before the closing of the calyx, and 

 should be repeated every fourteen days till the end of December. 

 Paris Green and White Arsenic are the most effective remedies with 

 which to spray. -1 lb. Paris Green and 6 lbs. lime to 160 gallons of 

 water is the strength I have been using for some years. The method of 

 preparation is to place 8 ozs. Paris Green in a tin or jar with a little 

 lime water, just sufficient to make it into a paste, then add more lime 

 water to thin it down, put 3 lbs. lime in a tub and add a little water to 

 slake it, when slaked add more water to make 12 gallons, strain this 

 through a thin piece of bagging into the pump cask, then add the 

 Paris Green, stir well and make u]i to 80 gallons with water. I have 

 a small tin which just holds when full 8 ozs. Paris Green, this is 

 quicker than weighing out each time and is just as exact. 



