Animal Parasites. 175 



with spirit should be placed on im iron vessel or shovel over 

 a bucket of water, and the lambs should be fastened in the 

 room ; the sulphur is then ignited, and the doors securelv closed. 

 After the lambs have inhaled the fumes for about fifteen minutes they 

 should be removed to the fresh air. Violent cout>-hing will be set up by 

 the irritant effects produced, and many of the worms will be expelled. 

 Formic-aldehyde gas should be given a trial as a remedy to promote 

 the expulsion of worms from the air passages. To generate formic- 

 aldehyde gas, formalin tabloids are vaporised in an alformaut lamp, 

 and the lambs are subjected to its influence in a close room for frtjm 

 three to five minutes. The inhalation treatment, whether by ammonia, 

 sulphur, or formic-aldehyde, should be practised daily, and abandoned 

 when there is no longer any difficulty of breathing on the part of the 

 animal. 



Sheep grazing over soils rich in common salt are particularly free 

 of lung worm. Salt is a parasiticide. Lung worm does not prevail in 

 salt-bush country, and in such districts fluke also is absent. Animals 

 affected with lung worm should be isolated in a high, dry paddock 

 remote from water courses, and the water furnished for drinking 

 should contain common salt and sulphate of iron. Lung worm prevails 

 in damp, marshy localities and is particularly rife in wet seasons. 

 Marshy lands are not suitable for sheep. There they not only contract 

 lung worm, but fluke and foot-rot. Lung- worm, fluke and foot-rot are 

 the scourges of marshy land. In the high, dry, sandy places sheep 

 thrive best. It may happen in the course of time that frotn the 

 utilisation of marshy lands for other purposes than grazing sheep, or 

 from a proper system of draining and treating such lands, lung worm 

 may become less connnon. It is only on marshy lands that the disease 

 is contracted, and removal of sheep from infested areas may in the 

 course of time be the step that pastoralists will adopt. By annually 

 burning off the pastures of places known to be infested, the embryos 

 may be destroyed. In cattle, pigs and dogs, the worms are almost 

 always found in the trachea or windpipe, and expectorants, along with 

 inhalations of ammonia, sulphur, etc., will cause their expulsion by the 

 fits of coughing which the remedies excite. 



Gapes in Fowls- 



The parasite that causes this disorder is the Sclerostotiia synyaiuus, 

 a red cylindrical worm. The male is from ~ to j of an inch, and the 

 female from i to 1 inch long. 



Symptoms and Treatment. 



The fowls are noticed roaming about with wide open mouths and 

 making strainiug efforts, as if endeavouring to expel the invaders, and 

 making a low peculiar noise. 



Treatment consists in the mechanical removal of the im]n'isoned 

 worms. Take a feather and stri]> it to within al)out an inch of the 

 top, and di]) it into oil of turpentine. Sieze hold of the tongue of the 



