Tuherciilosis in Its Relation to the Dairying Industry. 753 



at Plymoutli sliovtly before, that tlie President of the Royal 

 College of Veterinary Surgeons, Mr. Frazer, moved the following 

 i-esolution, which was carried unanimously, " That this Association, 

 being convinced that bovine tuberculosis is a danger to man, and a 

 source of enormous loss to owners of cattle, is strongly of opinion that 

 State control of the disease is urgently wanted in the interests of the 

 public health and agriculture." 



Coming nearer still to the present time, Professor Cruikshank, in 

 his work on " Bacteriology and Infective Diseases," summarizes the 

 residt of his investigations in this subject as follows : — " Direct 

 evidence of the transmission of tuberculosis by milk to man is 

 wanting, but from the effect of such milk on the lower animals it is 

 reasonable to conclude in the present state of our knowledge that 

 there may be danger in using the milk of cows with tubercular 

 udders, and therefore strict inspection of dairies should be enforced, 

 and boiling of milk before use will as a rule be a wise if not absolutely 

 a necessary precaution." 



Exhaustive experiments have within the past few years been 

 carried out at the iustance of the United States Government, by 

 mixing sputum from consumptive patients with the food of control 

 animals, and in every case the post mortem examinations on the 

 animals proved they were affected with tuberculosis in one or another 

 form, many of them being identical with that found in the human 

 patients. In the Journal of Comparative Pathology and Therapeutics, 

 Vol. XVI., Part 2, in a paper on the " Experimental Demonstration 

 of the Unity of Tuberculosis" by Professor Arlung, it is stated " As 

 the result of the general examination of a series of 46 experiments 

 made by him, 33 with human bacilli and 13 with animal bacilli, on 

 various subjects that the results were positive in every experiment," 

 and concludes his paper thus, " The identity of human and bovine 

 tuberculosis ought to be maintained and the prophylactic measures 

 which result from it ought also to be maintained, notably with regard 

 to the use of milk." In the annual report of the New Zealand 

 Department of Agriculture for 1903, in a paper on "Bovine Tuber- 

 culosis in Its Relation to Man" by Mr. J. A. Gilruth, Pathologist to 

 the Public Health Department there, the author, after quoting 

 numerous authorities to support the identity of the human and bovine 

 tubercle states, "There are many authenticated instances where in- 

 fection of human beings with tuberculosis, both through the skin 

 and through the alimentary tract, has occurred from what all 

 available evidence points to be a bovine tubercle." Of course you 

 are aware that it is not possible to decide the point at issue experi- 

 mentally by the direct transmission or inoculation of the bovine 

 tubercle into the human subject, from reasons which it is not my 

 province to discuss. 



Measures Taken to Stamp out the Disease- 

 In this State the measures taken for stamping out the disease 

 are slaughter of affected animals, although often the carcases of such 



