Black Spot Experiments, 1903-4. 767 



adhesive power to the mixture, and usually gives good results, but 

 taking the average of several seasons it does not appear that they 

 very appreciably increase the effect of the ordinary Bordeaux mixture 

 if it is properly made and thoroughly applied at the right time. 

 Copper-soda has also turned out well, and taking the proportion of 

 absolutely clean fruit as a basis, the 6"7'50 formula is the best. 

 The past season has likewise shown that the proper time to begin 

 spraying is just when the buds are bursting and beginning to show 

 colour, and before the spores have had time to germinate and 

 penetrate the young leaves and calyx. 



In an average summer the spores produced by the few fungus 

 tufts occurring on a tree properly sprayed once at the right time, 

 have practically no opportunity of germinating and attacking the 

 fruit. On the other hand, in a wet summer these few tufts continue 

 throughout the season to furnish fresh spores for infection, and at 

 every favorable period additional fruit and leaves are attacked, 

 hence two sprayings afford better insurance against loss than one. 

 If, however, the one spraying could be applied at the very best time 

 and no part of the tree missed, conditions almost vmattainable in 

 ordinary practice, the one might be as good as two even in the 

 wettest year. 



Where diseases such as black spot are prevalent, the seasons are 

 too variable for the orchardist to risk the failure of his crop for want 

 of spraying, and now that the remedy has been so thoroughly tried 

 and efficiently proved, systematic spraying should be the rule in 

 every orchard. 



