GALLUS. 13 



AViiig, Q6 to 70; tail-eoverts,* 26 to 28; exposed culmen, 9 to 11; tarsus, 

 18 to 19. 



Adult female. — Upper parts and wings as in the male, but with a light 

 buff, median line on head ; forehead, sides of head, and throat dark buff ; 

 the black and white throat patch of male replaced in female by an equal 

 area of dark buff in which the white bases of feathers show through on 

 chin and upper throat; a line of fine black spots from gape to below 

 ear-coverts; breast and flanks light buff, each feather crossed by one to 

 three crescentic marks of blackish brown; middle of abdomen white or 

 with a pale buff wash. Pive females measure: Wing, 67 to 71; tail- 

 coverts, 22 to 26; exposed culmen, 10 to 11; tarsus, 17 to 18.5. 



Young. — In a very young chick from Sibuyan, sex undetermined, the 

 upper parts, including wings and coverts, are blackish brown; top of 

 head marked with three buffy lines extending from forehead to nape and 

 separated by wide blackish brown bands; wing-coverts and feathers of 

 back with edges and shafts buff; chin and throat pale yellow; upper 

 breast, sides, and flanks black with wide white shaft-stripes; belly dirty 

 yellowish buff. A nearly full grown male in mixed plumage, from Cala- 

 pan, has the black chin-spot developed, the white patches partly developed, 

 and the breast, abdomen, and flanks retain some of the old striped feathers 

 of the first plumage along with the new chestnut and slate feathers. 

 The young female of E. chinensis is said to have the upper breast and 

 sides spotted; as age increases these spots resolve themselves into trans- 

 verse bars. The young female of E. lineata probably undergoes a similar 

 change of plumage. 



Both the painted and bustard quails frequent grassy fields and plains, 

 usually in small companies. "When flushed they fly but a short distance 

 and seldom get up a second time, seeming to place more reliance on 

 running than on flight. Except Polyplectron the genera of the Philip- 

 pine Turnicidce and Pliasianidce range from the coasts to the highlands. 



Genus GALLUS Brisson, 1760. 



Head surmounted by a fleshy comb; a wattle on each side of throat; 

 tail laterally compressed, the central feathers being higher than the lateral 

 ones; the former greatly elongated and curved in the males; feathers of 

 neck and rump long and pointed; each tarsus armed with a long sliarp 

 spur. 



* It is a matter of difficultj' to distinguish between the soft short tail-feathers 

 and the long, overhanging coverts; in this species, therefore, it is more convenient 

 to measure from base of tail to tip of longest covert. 



