68 MANUAL OF THILIPPINE BIRDS. 



mantle and back; lower back and rump ochraceous-brown, with white 

 centers to the feathers, but no white spots; wing-coverts like the back, 

 but more uniform, and with scarcely any spots on the lesser and median 

 series, the greater series, however, having large white spots and interme- 

 diate bars of black : alula black, checkered with white spots and l)ars ; 

 primary-coverts rufous, olive-brown at tip and banded with black; quills 

 rufous, banded with black, and black at tips, the first two primaries 

 checkered on the outer web and barred on the inner web with white; 

 secondaries l)lackish, externally and at the tips ochraceous-brown, with 

 numerous ovate spots or bars, the innermost secondaries ochraceous-brown, 

 with broad black centers resembling the back; tail-feathers ochraceous- 

 broM-n centered with black ; crown of head olive-brown, with l^lack longitu- 

 dinal spots to the feathers; hinder neck ferrugineous, mottled with 

 blackish centers to the feathers, which are edged with olive-brown, obscur- 

 ing the inifous; lores and broad band through the eye dusky brown, 

 becoming rufous on the ear-coverts and extending to the sides of the 

 neck, where it is a little brighter rufous; over the lores a white band 

 extending above the eye, and continued in a broad band of light ashy 

 gray above the ear-coverts, and extending to the sides of the nape; cheeks 

 light ashy gray, extending over the fore neck, which is washed with 

 brown; fore part of the cheeks and throat white, remainder of under 

 surface white, with black bars, very distinct, but narrow on the sides 

 of fore neck, broader and more regular on the sides of liody, where the 

 feathers have olive-brown tips ; flank feathers distinctly barred with black 

 and white, the black bands being the broader ; feathers at the sides of the 

 vent tawny-buff, black at the base, and barred with white; long under 

 tail-coverts black, with white bars, tawny-buff at the ends, the lower 

 coverts tawny-buft', with black bases; thighs tawny-buff, dusky brown 

 behind, under wing-coverts black, broadly edged with white; axillars 

 l)lack, barred with white. 'Bill wann brown ; feet and claws light grayish 

 brown; iris indian-red.' {Everett.) Length, 292: culmen, 32; wing, 

 145; tail, 67; tarsus, 39; middle toe with claw, 47." (Sharpe.) 



Female. — An immature female agrees with the description of the male 

 but the lower throat and fore breast are obscured with slate-gray and 

 a slight olive wash. Bill dull brick-red, the terminal tliird brown; iris 

 red ; legs and nails light brown. Length, 305 ; wing, 130 ; tail, 73 ; 

 culmen, 3U; tarsus, 39; middle toe with claw, 43. This species is rare 



in Luzon. 



5<J. HYPOT/ENIDIA TORQUATA (Liiinanis). 



PHILIPPINE RAIL. 



Rallus iorquaius Lixx.EUS, Syst. Xat. ed. 12 (1766), 1, 262. 

 Hypotcenidia torquata Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mas. (1894), 23, 43; Hand- 

 List (1899), 1, 96; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 16. 



