9*2 MANUAL OF rHII>II'rrNE r.IHDS. 



82. STERNA FUSCATA Liniiivus. 



SOOTY TERN. 



fiterna fiisvafa LiNX.EUS, Syst. Nat. ed. 12 (176(5), 1, 228. "• 

 interna fuUfiinosa Saundkrs, Cat. Birds Brit. Mas. (1896), 25, 106; Sharpe. 

 Hand-List (1899), 1, 136; Oatks. Cat. Birds' Eggs (1901). 1, 191; 

 McGregor and \Yorcester, Hand-List (1906). 21. 



Siquijor (Bourns d- Worcester) . Tropical and juxtatropical seas of the world. 



"Adult in breeding plumage. — Similar to S. ana'stheta ; hut larger, 

 white frontal-hand and siipereiliarv stripe hroader, the latter ol)liqiie and 

 not reaching heyond eye, from which it is separated hy a narrow continua- 

 tion of the black loral stripe; upper surface sooty black, the wedges on 

 inner webs of primaries a trifle paler than the rest : streamers dull white 

 on the outer webs, remaining tail-feathers sooty l)lack ; under tail-coverts, 

 abdomen, and flanks grayish white; breast and throat white. Bill and 

 feet black with a slightly reddish tinge, tlie web between middle and inner 

 toe nearly full, and far less excised than in N. anu'stheta. Lengtli, about 

 430; culmen, 53, wing, 298; tail, about liXi; deptli of fork. 1<>2; tarsus, 

 23; middle toe with claw, 28. 



"Adult in winter. — Like the al)ove, with white flecks on the lores and 

 crown. 



"Int mature. — Brownish black above, darker on the upper wing-coverts; 

 outer tail-feathers nearly as sooty black as the rest of the rectrices, except 

 toward the tips; tarsi and toes reddish brown. 



"Nestling and young. — The chick when about three days old is streaked 

 with grayish brown and dull white on the upper surface, darkest on the 

 forehead, and chiefly stone-white l)elow ; when half fledged, the feathers 

 of the mantle are blackish, with broad white tips, which gradually wear 

 down. Wiien the bird is fully fledged these white tips are much narrower, 

 the feathers of the upper parts are sooty brown, and the under parts are 

 also somewhat paler t)rown, becoming lighter toward the vent. (In 

 i^. nncestheta the under parts are wliitish). Bill and feet reddish brown.'' 

 (Saunders. ) 



8:3. STERNA SINENSIS (Jnielin. 



WHITE-SHAFTED TERN. 



interna sitien.sis (iMEi.iN. Syst. Nat. (1788), 1, pt. 2, (>08. Sauxders, Cat. 

 Birds Brit. Mus. (1896), 25, 11:5; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899). 1, 136; 

 Oates, Cat. Bird.s' Eggs (1901), 1, 192; McGregor and Worcester, 

 Hand-List (1906), 21. 



Luzon (Whitehead) ; Mindanao (Hieere Exp.); Mindoro {Bourns d- Wor- 

 cester); Palawan (Whitehead). Cliinese and Indian seas to Australia. 



"Adult male in breeding plumage. — Lores black from base of bill to 

 eye; forehead as far as a little beyond the top of eye white; crown and 



Cf. Bureau. Bull. Hoc. Sci. yat. Ouest France (1904). 14, 227-256. 



