132 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



Subfamily SCOLOPACIN.^. 



This subfamily contains all of the snipes and a number of small sand- 

 pipers; the toes are without webs, otherwise many of the genera might 

 easily fall in the subfamily Toianina>. 



Genera. 



a\ Culmen eijual to or less than tarsus. 



h^. No hind toe Calidris (p. 132) 



h'^. Hind toe present. 



c^ Tarsus about equal to middle toe with claw Pisobia (p. 183) 



(f. Tarsus longer than middle toe with claw Heteropygia (p. 138) 



c^. Culmen longer than tarsus. 



6'. Eye not placed far back in the head; ear opening well behind posterior margin 

 of eye. 

 c'. Larger; wing more than 150 mm.; culmen more than 40 mm. 



Tringa (p. 141) 

 (f. Smaller; wing less than 130 mm. ; culmen less than 40 mm. 



d}. Bill slender, upper mandible narrow, its tip slightly expanded; upj>er 



tail-coverts white Erolia (p. 139) 



d-. Bill broad and flat; end of upper mandible decidedly decurved, its. tip 



pointed; upper tail-coverts not white Limicola (p. 142) 



6^ Eye placed well back in head; ear opening just below hinder margin of eye. 

 c^. Tarsus less than middle toe with claw; culmen nearly twice the length of 



tarsus; culmen straight Gallinago (p. 143) 



c". Tarsus more than middle toe with claw and but little less than culmen: 

 culmen decidedly decurved at its tip Rostratula (p. 147) 



C4enus CALIDEIS Illiger, 1811. 



Bill straight, slightly expanded at tip, culmen about equal to tarsus 

 and longer than middle toe with claw; hind toe wanting. 



112. CALIDRIS LEUCOPH/tA iPallas). 



SAlfDEBLING. 



Tringa h'licophwa Pallas, in Vroeg's Catal. (1764), 32. 



Tri/nga alba Pallas, Vroeg's Catal. Adumbr. (1764), 7; Sherborn, Smiths. 



Misc. Colls. (1905), 47, 341. 

 Tringa arcnaria LiNN-EUS, Syst. Nat. ed. 12 (176(i), 1, 251. 

 Calidris arenaria Gates, Bds. Brit. Burmah (1885), 2, 398; Cat. Birds' 



Eggs (1902), 2, 52; Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1896), 24, 526; 



Hand-List (1899). 1, 163. 

 Calidrifi alba Richmoxu, Smiths. Misc. Colls. (1905), 47, 347. 

 Calidris abba McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 27 (error). 

 Calidris Icitcophcea A. O. U. Committee, Auk (1908), 25, 367. 



Luzon {miitehrad, Mc(irvgor) . Arctic regions; in winter to Africa, South 

 America, Marshall Islands, Indian Peninsula to Australia. 



^'Winter plumage. — Forehead, face, and the whole lower plumage pure 

 white; crown, nape, hind neck, back, and scapulars pale ashy, the crowTi 



