fJORSA CHIT'S. 173 



spotted and l)arred with dusky ; axillars regularly banded with black and 

 white : quills ashy gray below, with the same rufous and white tips as on 

 the upper surface. Culmen black, sides of the upper mandible and the 

 lower one fleshy; legs and feet greenish, washed with bro^\^l on the front 

 of the tarsus and toes. 'Iris golden yellow, frosted or stippled with olive 

 at the exterior: gape, orbital and loral skin greenish and slaty.' {W. V. 

 Legge.) Length, 508 ; culmen, 51 ; wing, 269 : tail. 102 : tarsus, 68. 



"Adult female. — Similar to the male. 



"The sequence of plumages in these night herons is not very easy to 

 follow, but the nestling from Mindanao clearly proves that the first 

 plumage is spotted with white and that the quills have broad white tips. 

 Both G. melanolophm and G. goisagi occur on Mindanao, but the latter 

 is doubtless only a winter visitor, while the former bird is resident. The 

 same thing occurs in the Island of Fonnosa, as has been duly pointed 

 out by Mr. Seebohm, in his 'Birds of the Japanese Empire,' where the 

 difference between the two species has been correctly given. 



"In the Hume collection there are several rufous-colored birds, which 

 have not yet entirely divested themselves of the wavy immature plumage, 

 while a female from Dibrughur is beginning to put on rufous plumage, 

 though it is still for the most part in the mottled dress of the young. 

 The birds from the Xicobars are decidely smaller and darker than birds 

 from the mainland, and the wing does not exceed 24' » mm. 



"Young. — Entirely different froiu the adult, being brown above, thickly 

 mottled and freckled with dusk}- blackish, and with longitudinal ochrace- 

 ous shaft-streaks to the feathers of upper surface; wings like the back; 

 primary-coverts for the most part rufous, freckled with dusky, quills 

 black, tipped with white; primaries with a subterminal shade of rufous; 

 tail-feathers slaty black ; crown and nape crested, the feathers black, 

 with arrow-shaped spots or bars of white : sides of face and sides of neck 

 regularly barred with ocherous brown and Ijlack, with mesial white spots 

 on the feathers on the sides of the neck ; chin and upper throat uniform 

 white; the center of the lower throat and fore neck generally pale 

 vinaceous-buff, varied with black streaks and black mottling or bars, the 

 feathers being browner laterally ; sides of the body like the breast, 

 similarly mottled and streaked with white; under tail-coverts white, with 

 scarcely any black markings; under wing-coverts white mottled with 

 dusky; axillars barred with black and white." (Sharpe.) 



"Comparatively rare. Met with about the fish-pens of the natives, 

 especially just at dusk.'' (Bourns and Worcester Mi<.) 



"The eggs of the Malay bittern in the collection are of a pale bluish- 

 white color. Two specimens measure respectively : 45.7 by 35.5 : 48.2 

 by 35.5." (Oates.) 



The above-described eggs were collected in Palawan, June 27, by 

 "\Miitehead. 



