516 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



492. PYCNONOTUS GOIAVIER (Scopoli). 

 GTJAVA BULBUL. 



Muscicapa goiavier Scopoli, Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr. (1786), 2, 96. 



Pycnonotus goiavier Shaepe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1881), 6, 141; Hand- 

 List (1901), 3, 330; Grant and Whiteuead, Ibis (1898), 239; White- 

 head, Ibis (1899), 215; Gates and Reid, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1903), 

 3, 316; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 80. 



Pycnonotus goiavier suluensis Mearns, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. (1909), 3 6, 

 470 (Sulu, Mindanao, and Basilan).* 



Pd-la-go, Ticao; this name also used for lole. Luc-lac, Manila; cul-cul, in 

 general. 



Basilan (Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns <C- Worcester, Mctlregor) ; Bohol {Everett, 

 Steere Exp., McGregor) ; Caluya (Porter) ; Cebu (Steere Exp., Bourns d Worces- 

 ter, McGregor) ; Guimaras (Steere Exp., Bourns <£• Worcester) ; Leyte (Everett, 

 Whitehead, Bartsch) ; Libagao (Porter) ; Luzon (Meyer, Mollendorff, Everett, 

 Bourns & Worcester, Whitehead, McGregor, Bartsch) ; Marinduque (Steere Exp.) ; 

 Masbate (Bourns d Wo7-cester, McGregor) ; Mindanao (Murray, Everett, Koch d 

 Schadenherg, GoodfeUoio, Celcstino) ; Mindoro (Steere Exp., Schmacker, Bourns 

 d Worcester. McGregor) ; Negros (Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns d Worcester, 

 Keay) ; Nipa (Everett); Panay (Bourns d Worcester); Romblon (McGregor) ; 

 Samar (Bourns d Worcester, Whitehead) ; Sulu (G^iilletnard, Bouriis d Worcester, 

 Bartsch); Tablas (Bourns d Worcester, Celestino) ; TicabO (McGregor) ; Verde 

 (McGregor). 



Adult. — Middle of forehead and cl■o^\^l seal-brown, bordered on each 

 side by a baud of white extending from base of bill over eyes to sides of 

 occiput; lores and a ring around eye black; above including wings and 

 tail dark brown, the feathers fringed with earthy or ocherous brown; 

 ear-coverts brown; spot below eye, jaw, and most of the under parts- 

 wliite; breast and sides with distinct brown shaft-streaks; flanks and 

 thighs brown ; abdomen washed with paJe yellow ; crissum lemon-yellow ; 

 axillars and wing-lining white, washed with yellow. Sexes similar in 

 color. A male from Mindanao measures: Wing, ?6; tail, 73; culmen 

 from base, 17; bill from nostril, 9.5; tarsus, 20. A female from Basilan, 

 wing, 78; tail, 77; culmen from base, 18; bill from nostril, 10; tarsus, 30. 



"The guava bulbul is one of the commonest of Philippine birds ; it is 

 called 'cul-cul' by the natives. A^ery abundant about fruit trees and 

 bushes in tlie open fields, and in scrub and second growth; much rarer 

 in deep forest. Four male birds average: Length, 189; wing, 84; tail, 

 84; culmen, 19; tarsus, 20; middle toe with claw, 21. Iris dark browoi; 

 bill, legs, and feet black ; one specimen had been eating insects." (Bourns 

 and Worcester MS.) 



* Mearns gives the following characters for this subspecies : "Similar to the 

 Luzon guava bulbul (Pycnonotus goiavier goiavier), but smaller, with relatively 

 sliorter tail, broader supraorbital white stripes, and a paler auricular patch." 

 The coniparutive measurements given by Mearns are not convincing and I am not 

 prepared to admit the validity of this subspecies. 



