558 MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS. 



Genus CALLIOPE Gould, 1837. 



Bill slender; culmen from base nearly equal to hind toe with claw; 

 wing long and pointed; first primary more than one-half second and 

 longer than tarsus; tail rounded, about three-fourths as long as wing. 

 Throat white or bright red. 



540. CALLIOPE CALLIOPE (Pallas). 



SIBERIAN RUBYTHROAT. 



Motacilla calliope Pallas, Reise Russ. Reichs (1776), 3, 697. 

 Erithacus calliope Seebohm, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1881), 5, 305. 

 Calliope camtschatlcensis Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind. Bds. (1890), 2, 102, fig. 



29 (head); Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 214 (habits). 

 Calliope calliope Shabpe, Hand-List (1903), 4, 155; Gates and Reid, Cat. 



Birds' Eggs (1905), 4, 149; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List 



(1906), 85. 



Pi-I6y, Manila. 



Calayan {McGregor) ; Luzon (Everett, Whitehead, McGregor) ; Masbate 

 (Bourns & Worcester); Mindoro (Whitehead); Negros (Whitehead). Siberia 

 and northern China; in winter to southern China, Burmese Provinces, northern 

 and central India; accidental in Europe. 



Male. — Above oliv^-brown, at times more or less ashy; line over lores 

 and over eye white; lores and line under eye black, below this a broader 

 white line; base of jaw black; chin and throat-patch bright strawberry- 

 red surrounded by a narrow line of black; chest ashy gray; middle of 

 breast and abdomen white ; sides of abdomen and flanks light buff -brown ; 

 tail-coverts white, washed with buff. Iris brown; bill dusky brown, 

 nearly black with its base whitish ; legs and nails dark flesh-color. Length, 

 about 160 mm. A male from Calayan measures: Wing, 80; tail, G4; cul- 

 men from base, 15; bill from nostril, 9; tarsus, 30; middle toe with claw, 

 24. 



Female. — Differs from the male in having black lines on sides of head 

 and throat replaced by brown; loral feathers with brown tips; throat- 

 patch white ; no ashy gray on breast. A female from Calayan measures : 

 Wing, 78; tail, 63; culmen from base, 15; bill from nostril, 10; tarsus, 

 29. 



"Birds of the year have the brown of both the upper and under parts 

 more ochraceous, and the male resembles the female, except in having 

 traces of red on the throat. Young in first plumage appear to be 

 unknown." (Seehohm.) 



Genus COPSYCHUS Wagler, 1827. 



Bill moderately stout, when measured from nostril less than hind 

 toe with claw; rictal bristles small; wing pointed, slightly concave, and 

 less than tail in length; first primary more tlian one-half the second, 

 and much longer than tarsus; rectrices long, narrow, and strongly 



