SAXICOLA. 565 



upper parts, except uropygium, become seal-browu ; wing- feathers similar 

 from the wearing away of the light margins ; under parts darker than 

 in the fresh plumage. A female measures : Wing, 64 ; tail, 50 ; culmen 

 from base, 13; bill from nostril, 7.5; tarsus, 20. 



Young. — A young male (May) resembles the female in worn plumage, 

 but the under parts are richer and more mottled; chin and throat buff 

 with blackish edges to feathers; breast and abdomen rusty ocherous, the 

 feathers of breast fringed with dull black; head, neck, and back smoky 

 black, most of the feathers marked with small buff spots; secondaries, 

 alula, and secondary-coverts broadly edged with rusty ocherous; edging 

 of alula-feathers lighter ; leases of inner greater coverts pure white. 



Genus SAXICOLA Bechstein, 1803. 



Bill slender; rictal bristles weak, the longest less than bill from 

 nostril; wing long, flat, and pointed; first primary short and slender, 

 less than one-third of second; tail rounded, extending very little beyond 

 the folded wings. 



547. SAXICOLA CENANTHE (Linnwus). 

 WHEATEAR. 



Motacilla wnanthe Linn.eus, Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1758), 1, 186. 



Saxicola oenanthe Seebohm, Cat. Birds Brit. Miis. (1881), 5, 391; Siiarpe, 

 Hand-List (1903), 4, 175; Gates and Reid, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1905), 

 4, 165; McGregor, Bull. Philippine Mus. (1904), 4, 27; McGregor and 

 Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 86. 



Calayan (McGregor) . Europe and northern Asia to Alaska; in winter to the 

 Indian Peninsula and eastern Africa. 



"Adult male in breeding plumage. — General color of the upper parts 

 pale slate-gray ; forehead and eye-stripe, which extends to the nape, wliite ; 

 lores and upper part of the ear-coverts black; wings and wing-coverts 

 nearly black, a few traces of the autumnal buff margins to the feathers 

 generally left; nimp and upper tail-coverts white; tail white except the 

 terminal three-fifths of the two center feathers, and the terminal fourths 

 of the others, which are nearly black ; under parts very pale buff, slightly 

 darker on the throat and breast; axillars and under wing-coveits white 

 with dark centers; inner margin of quills brown. Bill, legs, feet, and 

 claws black. Wing with the third and fourth primaries nearly equal and 

 longest; second primary sometimes as long as the fourth; bastard primary, 

 19 to 14 mm. Wing, 106. G to 89; (females, 94 to 87.6) ; tail 63 to 51; 

 culmen, 18 to 16; tarsus, 30 to 37. 



"Adult female in breeding plumage. — General color of the upper parts 

 dull brown; forehead and eye-stripe huffish white, much narrower than 

 in the male; lores and upper part of the ear-coverts brown; wings and 

 wing-coverts not so dark as in the male ; rump and upper tail-coverts 



