ANTHUS. 671 



G86. ANTHUS RUFULUS Vieillot. 

 INDIAN PIPIT. 



Anthus rufulus Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat, (1818), 26, 494; Shabpe, 

 Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1885), 10, 574; Hume, Gates ed. Nests & Eggs 

 Ind. Bds. (1890), 2, 213; Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 238; McGregob 

 and Wobcesteb, Hand-List (1906), 102. 



Gorydalla lugubris Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1877), 547. 



Tam-ha-yuc-yuc, Ticao, used for Motacilla melanope also; a-la-lac-sing, Siquijor. 



Bantayan (McGregor) ; Batan (McGregor) ; Bohol (Everett, Steere Exp., 

 McGregor) ; Calamianes (Bourns d Worcester, McGregor) ; Calayan (McGregor) ; 

 Cajniguin N. (McGregor) ; Cebu (Everett, Bourns d Worcester) ; Fuga (Mc- 

 Gregor) ; Guimaras (Meyer, Murray, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester) ; Leyte 

 (Bteere Exp.) ; Lubang (McGregor) ; Luzon (Cuming, Everett, Bourns d Wor- 

 cester, Whitehead, McGregor, Bartsch) ; Maestre de Campo (McGregor d Wor- 

 cester) ; Masbate (Bourns d Worcester, McGregor) ; Mindanao (Everett, Bourns 

 d Worcester, Celestino) ; Mindoro (Steere Exp., Schmacker, Bourns d Worcester) ; 

 NegTOS (Steere, Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns d Worcester, Celestino) ; Palawan 

 (Everett, Celestino, White); Panaon (Everett); Panay (Murray, Steere Exp., 

 Bourns d Worcester) ; Polillo (McGregor) ; Romblon (Bourns d Worcester, Mc- 

 Gregor) ; Samar (Steere Exp.) ; Semirara (McGregor d Worcester) ; Sibuyan 

 (Bourns d Worcester, McGregor) ; Siquijor (Steere Exp., Bonirns d Worcester, 

 Celestino) ; Tablas (Bourns d Worcester, Celestino) ; Ticao (McGregor). Africa, 

 Malay Peninsula, Burmese countries, India, Ceylon, Siunatra, Java, Borneo. 



Adult in fresh plumage. — Above sandy buff, nearly uniform on nimp 

 and tail-coverts ; upper back and top of head with dark bro^vn shaft-lines 

 producing, on the head at least, a decidedly streaked appearance; lores 

 blackish ; supercilium, from bill to nape, light buff ; subocular space buff, 

 bounded below by a line of dark brown ; malar line dark brown ; ear-coverts 

 sandy buff; under parts cream-buff; sides and flanks sandy buff; an ill- 

 defined l)and across chest sandy buff, the feathers with narrow, mesial, 

 blackish streaks ; wing-feathers and rectrices blackish brown, more or less 

 widely edged and tipped with various shades of buff; two outer pairs of 

 rectrices largely white. A female from Culayan Island measures : Wing, 

 80; tail, 66; culmen from base, 16; tarsus, 28; hind toe with claw, 24. 

 A female from Lubang ineasures : Wing, 79 ; tail, 62 ; culmen from base, 

 16; tarsus, 27; hind toe with claw, 22. 



As the plumage becomes worn the supercilium, subocular region, and 

 under parts fade to white, and the pectoral band fades to light buff. 



This species is said to resemble A. richardi except in being smaller; 

 it is easily distinguished from any of the other pipits found in the Philip- 

 pines by the scantily streaked chest and by the uniformly colored sides 

 and flanks. Furthermore it is the most common species, outnumbering, 

 in individuals, all the other species combined. 



