FRINGILLA. 679 



scapulars and interscapular region deep broccoli-brown; rump white; 

 rectrices, upper tail-coverts, primaries, secondaries, tertials, primary- 

 coverts, and base of greater wing-coverts, glossy bluish black; lesser wing- 

 coverts dark broccoli-brown; terminal two-fifths of greater wing-coverts 

 broccoli-brown, paler terminally ; outer web of innermost secondary edged 

 externally with orange- vermilion ; under parts broccoli-brown, shading 

 to whitish on middle of belly and to tawny ochraceous on crissum ; axillars 

 pure white ; under wing-coverts brown at base, broadly white terminally ; 

 underside of shafts of primary-quills white nearly to the tips. Fresh 

 specimens, including the type, were noted in the field as having the iris 

 dark brown ; bill plumbeous-black, perceptibly horn-color at extreme base ; 

 feet brownish flesh-color, with underside of toes yellowish ; claws brown. 

 In the dry skins the bills are uniformly plumbeous-black. 



"Adult female * * *. Exactly like the male, except that the outer 

 web of the innennost secondary is edged externally with yellowish orange 

 instead of orange-vermilion." {M earns.) 



Genus FEINGILLA Linnaeus, 1758. 



Bill moderately stout ; culmen flat, without a ridge, and straight except 

 at its extreme tip; wings long, extending beyond the toes and nearly to 

 the tip of the slightly forked tail ; colors black, white, and orange-buff. 



694. FRINGILLA MONTIFRINGILLA Linnseus. 



BEAMBLING. 



Fringilla m07itifringilla LlNN^us, Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1758), 1, 179; Shabpe, 

 Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1888), 12, 178; Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind. Bds. 

 (1890), 2, 233, fig. 65 (head); McGregor, Bull. Philippine Mus. 

 (1904), 4, 24; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 103. 



Calayan (McGregor). Europe, northern Asia, Kamchatka, northern China; 

 in winter to British Islands, Japan, Liu Kiu and Bonin Islands. 



Male in winter. — Head, neck, mantle, and sides of head, of neck, and 

 of throat black with wide fringes of light buff or ochraceous-buff ; 

 feathers of neck and mantle with gray bases; lower back and rump 

 white, black along the sides; tail-coverts black, tipped with buff; chin, 

 middle of throat, fore breast, sides, and flanks orange-buff; flanks with 

 a few black spots; lower breast and abdomen white; crissum light buff; 

 feathers of thighs black with buff tips; wing-quills black; primaries 

 and secondaries narrowly edged with pale yellow; outer webs of fourth 

 to seventh primaries with a spot of white at tips of primary-coverts; 

 secondaries with larger white spots nearer their bases; tertials broadly 

 edged with orange-buff on their outer webs; scapulars and lesser coverts 

 orange-buff; median coverts white, some of them washed with buff; 

 greater coverts black with broad buff* tips; rectrices black, edged with 

 ashy gray or pale yellow; outermost pair with basal half of outer webs 



