CALLIOPE. 101 



tail, but making no approach to the chestnut exhibited in the pre- 

 ceding genera. The sexes are quite alike. The first primary is 

 much smaller than in any other genus of this subfamily, being 

 considerably less than a third of the length of the second. The 

 tail is long and rounded, and the tarsus is also long. 



The Nightingales frequent dense brushwood and are shy birds. 

 They feed principally on the ground like Robins, and they nest 

 near the around in dense underwood. 



G49. Daulias golzi. The Persian Nightingale. 



Luscinia golzii, Cahanis, Journ.fiir Orn. 1873, p. 79. 



Luscinia hafizi, Severtz. Turkest. Jevotn. p. 120 (1873). 



Daulias golzii (Cab.), Hume, S. F. iv, p. 500; id. Cat. no. 514 ter. 



Erithacus golzii (Cab.), Seebohm, Cat. B. M. v, p. 297. 



Coloration. The whole upper plumage and the margins of the 

 wing-feathers russet-brown, brighter on the upper tail-coverts and 

 tail ; wings brown : lores, cheeks, and the whole lower plumage 

 pale buff. 



Length 7'5 ; tail 3*4; wing 3*6 ; tarsus l'l ; bill from gape '85. 



This species may be separated from D. luscinia, Linn., which 

 occurs in England and Europe, and from D. philomela, Bechst., of 

 Eastern Europe and South-western Asia, by its long tail and by its 

 first primary, which is equal to the primary-coverts. In both the 

 above species the tail is less than three inches long : in the first 

 the first primary is considerably longer than the primary-coverts ; 

 in the second it is considerably shorter. 



Distribution. Two specimens of this rare Nightingale have been 

 procured in Oudh, one in October and the other in November. 

 They are both in the Hume Collection. No other instance of the 

 occurrence of this species in India has been recorded. It extends 

 to Turkestan and to the Caucasus. 



Genus CALLIOPE, (ToukCl836. 



The members of the genus Calliope, are characterized by the 

 absence of chestnut in the tail, a comparatively long first primary, 

 a short tail, and by the males having a brilliant red throat. Iu 

 habits Calliope agrees closely with Cyanecula. All the species of 

 this genus are migratory, and the sexes are very different in colora- 

 tion. The tarsus is very long, and these birds spend most of their 

 time on the ground in thick cover. 



Key to the Species. 



a. No white in the tail C. camtschatkensis, p. 102 



b. Base or tip of tail or both white. 

 a'. ( 'liin and throat red. 



a". Cheeks black C. pectoialis J , n. 103„ 



b". Cheeks white ('. tschebaiewi J, p. 104. 



V. ( 'Inn and throat white \ C ' V^ralis ? , p. 103 



('. tschebaiewi $, p. 10 1. 



