PYKRHULA. 205 



Distribution. The Hazara country and Kashmir, extending into 

 the adjoining native territory. 



Habits, 4'C'. Appears to breed in July, but the nest and eggs have 

 not been taken. 



746. Pyrrhula erythrocephala. The Red-headed Bullfinch. 



Pyrrhula erythrocephala, Vigors, P. Z. S. 1831, p. 174 ; Gould, Cent. 

 "pi. 32 ; Blyth, Cat. p. 123 ; Horsf. 8fl M. Cat. ii, p. 454 ; Jerd. 

 B. I. ii, p. 389 ; Stoliczka, J. A. S. B. xxxvii, pt. ii, p. 59 ; Blanf. 

 J. A. S. B. xli, pt. ii, p. 04; Hume, Cat. no. 729; Sharjpe, Cat. 

 B. M. xii, p. 457. 



Fig. 55. — Head of P. erythrocephala. 



Coloration. Male. A broad black band round the base of the 

 bill, followed by a pale zone which is succeeded on the crown, nape, 

 and hind neck by vermilion, and on the sides of the head, sides of 

 the neck, throat, breast, and upper abdomen by paler red ; back, 

 scapulars, lesser and median wing-coverts ashy grey ; rump white, 

 with a narrow black bar between it and the lower back ; greater 

 wiug-coverts black, broadly tipped with ashy grey ; quills, upper 

 tail-coverts, and tail black ; lower abdomen pale ashy, passing to 

 pure white on the under tail-coverts ; under wing-coverts and 

 axillaries white. 



Female. A broad black band round the base of the bill, followed 

 by a pale zone which is succeeded by yellowish green on the crown, 

 nape, and hind neck, and by drab-browu on the entire lower 

 plumage except the abdomen, under tail-coverts, axillaries, and 

 under wing-coverts, which are white ; back, scapulars, lesser and 

 median wing-coverts drab-brown ; greater coverts black, broadly 

 tipped with drab-brown ; quills, upper tail-coverts, and tail black ; 

 rump white. 



The young males are at first like the female, and gradually 

 assume the plumage of the adult male by a slow change of colour 

 in the feathers. 



Bill black ; legs pale fleshy brown ; iris light brown (Jerdon). 



Length about 5'5 ; tail 2*6; wing 3-1; tarsus -65 ; bill from 

 gape -45. 



Distribution. The Himalayas from Chamba and Southern 

 Kashmir to Bhutan. Stoliczka states that this species breeds near 

 Kotgarh between 6000 and 8000 feet, and Blanf ord met with it in 

 Sikhim at 11,000 feet, 



