PASSER. 241 



ii, p. 500 ; Jcrd. B. I. ii, p. 365 ; Hume 8f Headers. Luh. to Yark. 

 p. 252, pi. 25; Hume, N. § E. p. 459; Anders. Yunnan Exped., 

 Ares, p. G02 ; Hume, Cat. uo. 708 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. M. xii, p. 325 ; 

 Hume, S. F. xi, p. 275 ; Oates in Hume's N. fy F. 2nd ed. ii, p. 164. 

 The Cinnamon-headed Sparrow, Jerd. 



Coloration. Male. The upper plumage from the forehead to the 

 ramp, including the scapulars and lesser wiug-coverts, bright 

 cinnamon-rufous, the feathers of the back with the inner web black, 

 wholly or partially, and all the feathers with very narrow pale 

 fringes; upper tail-coverts brown with ashy margins; tail brown 

 with greenish margins ; median coverts black, broadly tipped 

 white ; greater coverts and tertiaries black, edged with pale rufous ; 

 primaries and secondaries black, edged with pale fulvous, more 

 broadly so at the base and just above the emarginations of the first 

 few primaries ; lores and round the eye black ; cheeks and ear- 

 eoverts pale yellowish white ; chin and throat black, fringed with 

 whitish ; a large patch on each side of the throat bright yellow ; 

 lower plumage greyish yellow, more yellow on the abdomen and 

 under-tail coverts. The difference between the summer and winter 

 plumage of this Sparrow is very slight, the colours in the former 

 season being slightly more intense owing to the narrow fringes 

 wearing away. 



Female. The whole upper plumage ruddy brown, tinged with red 

 on the rump and with black and fulvous streaks on the back ; 

 lesser wing-coverts ruddy brown ; median coverts black, tipped 

 with white ; greater coverts, quills, and tail dark brown edged with 

 fulvous ; a broad fulvous supercilium, with a broad dusky band 

 below it ; sides of the head and neck and the whole lower plumage 

 pale ashy yellow. 



Iris reddish brown ; legs and feet dark reddish brown ; bill pale 

 brown in winter, black in summer. 



Length about 5 - 5 ; tail 2*3 ; wing 2*9 ; tarsus "65 ; bill from 

 gape '55. 



Distribution. The Himalayas from Murree to Bhutan up to 7000 

 feet ; the Khasi hills ; the Naga hills ; Manipur ; the hills east of 

 Bhamo ; the Kai*en hills east of Toungngoo. 



Habits, Sfc. Chiefly a jungle-sparrow r . Breeds in May and June, 

 constructing its nest in holes of trees as a rule, but sometimes in 

 houses. Eggs, four to six, of the Sparrow type, and measuring 

 about -76 by -57. 



Passer assimilis, Walden, A. M. N. H. (4) v, p. 218 (1870), is, 

 I now find after a re-examination of the type, to be referred to 

 P. rutilans, Temm., as already noted by Sharpe (Cat. B. M. xii, 

 p. 827). The type of P. assimilis is said to have been procured at 

 Toungngoo, but there may be probably some mistake about this, as 

 the specimen was not shot by Wardlaw Ramsay or other trust- 

 worthy collector. It appears to be a dealer's skin. It is also to 

 be noted that a pair of true P. cinnamomeus were procured by 

 Wardlaw Ramsay on the Karen hills near Toungngoo, and it is 



VOL. II. B 



