MOTACILLA. 291 



Belgaum on the south and to Calcutta on the east. This species 

 is a constant resident in Gilgit and probably other parts of Kash- 

 mir. It extends west to Afghanistan and Persia and north to 

 Turkestan and Central Asia. 



Habits, Sfc. Breeds in Afghanistan in May and June, constructing 

 its nest near water under large stones and in similar localities. The 

 eggs have not, however, been described. 



830. Motacilla hodgsoni. Hodgson s Pied Wagtail. 



Motacilla alboides, Hodgs. As. Res. xix, 191, part. (1830). 



Motacilla hodgsoni, G. R. Gray, Blyth, Ibis, 1865, p. 49 ; Blunf. 

 J. A. S. B. xli, pt. ii, p. 59 ; Brooks, S. F. iii, pp. 246, 278 ; Godw.- 

 Aust. J. A. S. B. xlv, pt. ii, p. 81 ; Hume, Cat. no. 589 bis ; Scully, 

 S. F. viii, p. .312 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. 31. x, p. 486, pi. v, figs. 1, 2 ; 

 Oates in Hume's N. § E. 2nd ed. ii, p. 202. 



Motacilla maderaspatensis, Gmcl. apud Anders. Yunnan Exped. 

 Ares, p. 610. 



Coloration. In normal summer plumage resembles 31. personata 

 in every respect except that the whole back, rump, scapulars, and 

 lesser wing-coverts are black. 



In normal winter plumage this species is hardly distinguishable 

 from 31. personata in winter plumage. The only apparent differ- 

 ence, and it is very slight, is that in 31. hodgsoni the grey of the 

 upper parts is darker and frequently mottled with traces of black 

 or brown on the shoulders and lesser wing-coverts. 



Bill and legs black; iris brown (CocJcburn). 



Of the same size as 31. personata. 



Distribution. A winter visitor to the lower ranges of the 

 Himalayas from Kashmir to Assam, extending through the Khasi 

 hills, Cachar, and Manipur to the Salween district of Tenasserim. 

 This species summers in the higher parts of the Himalayas and in 

 Turkestan. A few birds seem to visit the plains of India, where 

 this species has been procured at Etawah for instance, but its range 

 in the plains is distinctly eastern, just as that of 31. personata is 

 western. 



Habits, Sfc. Breeds in Kashmir about May, constructing its nest 

 in holes under stones, among shingle and pebbles, and in heaps of 

 driftwood and rubbish. The eggs are greyish white speckled with 

 brown and grey, and measure about *78 by - 62. 



A specimen of a Wagtail from Toungngoo in the British Museum 

 cannot be referred to any known species. It resembles 31. leucopsis 

 in having the black of the upper breast divided off from the black 

 of the hind neck by a band of white running down the side of the 

 neck, but the ear-coverts are black. 



831. Motacilla maderaspatensis. The Large Pied Wagtail. 



Motacilla maderaspatensis, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i, p. 901 (1788) ; Hume, 

 Cat. no. 589 ; Leyge, Birds Ceyl. p. 607 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. M. x, 

 p. 490 ; Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 234 ; Oates, in Hume's N. fy E. 



2ad ed. ii, p. 202. 



u2 



