anthus. 305 



842. Anthus nilgiriensis. The Nilgiri Pipit. 



Anthus rufescens*, Jerd. Madr. Journ. L. S. xi, p. 34 (1840). 

 Anthus montanus*, Jerd., Blyth, J. A. 8. B. xvi, p. 4-35 (1847) ; id. 



Cat. p. 136 ; Hume, 8. F. vii, p. 401 ; id. Cat. no. 508 ; Davison, 



8. F. x, p. 397. 

 Pipastes montanus (Jerd.), Jerd. B. I. ii, p. 230 ; Hume, N. § E. 



p. 383 ; Fairbank,S. F. v, p. 407. 

 Anthus nilghiriensis, Sharpe, Cat. B. M. x, p. 550 (1885) ; Oates in 



Hume's N. fy E. 2nd ed. ii, p. 211. 



The Hill Tree-Pipit, Jerd. 



Coloration. Upper plumage fulvous, tinged with olivaceous, each 

 feather broadly streaked or centred with black, except on the rump, 

 where the marks are brown and less distinct; wings blackish mar- 

 gined with fulvous; tail black, edged with olivaceous, the two 

 outer pairs of feathers dull white on the terminal half or third of 

 their length, the next pair with a dull white tip ; a light rufous 

 supercilium ; lores brown ; sides of head mixed rufous and brown ; 

 lower plumage tawny fulvous, the sides of the neck, the whole 

 breast, and the sides of the body with short, narrow, but very 

 distinct and well-defined black streaks. 



Upper mandible dull black, apical half of lower mandible dark 

 fleshy ; iris deep brown ; legs and feet fleshy ; claws pale brown 

 (Davison). 



Length nearly 7 ; tail 2*6 ; wing 3"1 ; tarsus 1 ; bill from gape 

 •7 ; hind claw about *35. 



Distribution. The higher parts of the Nilgiri and Palni hills in 

 Southern India, where this Pipit is a permanent resident. 



Habits, Sfc. Breeds on the Nilgiris above 6000 feet in May, 

 making a nest of grass under shelter of a tuft or bush. The eggs 

 are greenish brown mottled with a darker shade, and measure about 

 •85 by -6. 



843. Anthus cockburnise. The Rufous Rock-Pipit. 



Anthus similis, Jerd. III. Ind. Orn. pi. 45 (1847), nee Madr. Journ. 



L. 8. (1840). 

 Agrodroma chmarnomea (Rupp.), apud Jerd. B. I. ii, p. 235. 

 Agrodroma sinnlis, Jerd., Hume, N. fy E. p. 385 ; Fairlanh, 8. F. 



iv, p. 260; Hume, Cat. no. 603; Davison, S. F. x, p. 307 ; Barnes, 



Birds Bom. p. 246. 

 Anthus sordidus, Rtipp., apud Sharpe, Cat. B. 31. x, p. 560 ; Oates 



in Hume's N. 8f E. 2nd ed. ii, p. 212. 



Coloration. Upper plumage dark brown, the feathers narrowly 

 margined with fulvous ; wings brown, broadly edged with bright 

 fulvous; tail black margined with fulvous, the outermost feather 



* Neither of the names given by Jerdon to this species can stand, as the first 

 had previously been applied by Temminck, and the second by Koch, to other 

 species of Pipits. 



VOL. II. X 



