ANTHUS. 309 



Authus ciunamomeus, Jiiipp. Xei/e Wirb., Vogel, p. 103 (1835). 

 Antlms malavensis, Eyton, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 104; Horaf. §■ M. Cat. 



i, p. 357. 

 Corydalla rufula {Vieill.), Jerri. B. I. ii, p. 232 ; Hume, N. 8f E. 



p. 3S4 : id. Cat. no. 000 ; Scully, 8. F. viii, p. 317 ; Leqqe, Birds 



Ceyl p. 625 ; Oates, B. B. i, p. 108; Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 2 14. 

 Corydalla malavensis {Eyton), Hume # D«i\ 6'. .F. vi, p. 306 ; Hume, 



Cat. no. 600 bis. 

 Corydalla ubiquitaria {Hodgs.), apud Anders. Yunnan Erped., Aves, 



p. 607. 

 77/e Indian Titlark, Jerd. ; Rugel, Chaehari, Hind. ; Gurapa-madi jitta, 

 Tel. ; Meta &#*«, Tain. 



Coloration. An exact miniature of .4. richardi, from which this 

 species differs in nothing hut size. It has, however, a proportion- 

 ally larger bill. 



Bill dark brown, yellowish at the base of lower mandible; iris 

 brown; legs flesh-colour ; claws brownish. 



Length about 6-5 ; tail 2'4 ; wing 3 ; tarsus 1 ; bill from gape 

 "75 ; hind claw -5. 



Distribution. A permanent resident in every portion of the 

 Empire and Ceylon, ascending the Himalayas to about 6000 feet. 

 This species has not yet been found in the Andaman s or Nicobars, 

 but probably occurs there. It extends through the Malay peninsula 

 and islands to Lombock and Timor aud it is largely distributed in 

 Africa. 



Habits, §c. Breeds all over the Empire (up to 6000 feet in the 

 Himalayas) from March to July and perhaps later. The nest is a 

 small structure of grass placed on the ground under shelter of a 

 tuft of grass or clod of earth. The eggs, three in number, are 

 brownish or greenish stoue-colour, thickly marked with brown and 

 purplish red, and measure about -8 by -6. 



848. Antlms campestris. The Tawny Pipit. 



Alauda campestris, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 288 (17G6). 



Authus campestris {Linn.), B/yth, Cat. p. 130; Sharpe, Cat. B. M. 



x, p. 569. 

 Agrodroina campestris (Linn.), Jerd. B. I. ii, p. 234; Hume, S. F. 



\, p. 202 ; id. Cat. no. 602 ; Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 245. 

 The Stone-Pipit, Jerd. ; Chi/lu, Hind. 



Coloration. The fully adult bird is pale sandy brown above, 

 with darker centres or streaks to all the feathers except those of 

 the rump ; wings dark brown, margined with bright sandy buff ; 

 tail black, the outermost feather with the terminal half obliquely 

 white, the penultimate with an oblique patch of white about an 

 inch in length ; lores and sides of the head mixed brown and fulvous ; 

 a broad Bupercilium aud the whole lower plumage sandy buff or 

 fulvous entirely unmarked. 



The young bird has the upper plumage darker, a row of brown 

 spots down each side of the throat and the whole breast streaked 



