on Dr. Jerdou's ' Birds of India.' 181 



of this genus from Australia and South America, which were 

 necessarily sustained on other than a fish diet during their voyage 

 hither. It is only by seeing and comparing the living birds 

 together, especially when in mature plumage, that the differ- 

 ences between some of them become conspicuously and unmis- 

 takeably apparent. 



1005. Graculus caubo. 



Prof. Schlegel gives this species from Sumatra, as well as 

 Australia and New Zealand (G. carboides, Gould). Capt. Briggs 

 sent it from Tavai, Tenasserim (P. Z. S. 1859, p. 150). 



1006. Graculus fuscicollis, Stephens; Gould, B. Austr. 

 vii. pi. 67 ; Phalacrocorax sulcii'ostris, Brandt ; P. sidcirostris et 

 P. stidocephalus, Bonap.; P. pwpuragida, Peale; P. sinensis, 

 G. B. Gray, B. M. Cat. B. Nepaul, p. 149. 



Mr. Wallace obtained this species from Batchian and Ceram ; 

 and Prof. Schlegel gives it from Australia, the Moluccas, and 

 Borneo. Mr. Titian R. Peale obtained it at Manna Bay, New 

 Zealand. I at once recognized the Indian bird on seeing Mr. 

 Wallace^s specimens. It is presumably the species referred to 

 G. sinensis by Dr. Adams (P. Z. S. 1859, p. 189) as frequent- 

 ing (with G. carbo) the lakes and Jhelum river in Cashmere. 

 Mr. Hodgson figures a young bird very rufous above, with the 

 lower parts white, deeply tinged with rufous. 



1007. Graculus javanicus (Horsf.) ; Halieus africanus, Sun- 

 devall. 



Prof. Schlegel identifies this with G. pygmceus (Pallas), re- 

 marking that specimens from the continent of India, Java, and 

 Borneo are absolutely similar to others from Hungary and 

 Algeria. This would hardly be suspected from either Mr. Gould's 

 or Dr. Bree's coloured figures. 



1008. Plotus melanogaster. 



In summer dress many silky black feathers are interspersed 

 on the plumage of the head and neck. Vieillot's figure of the 

 American Anhinga, which he erroneously assigns to P. melano- 

 gaster (Gal. des Ois. pi. 278), shows a seasonal ornamentation 

 of the kind, but somewhat different from that of the Indian spe- 



o 2 



