Migrations of North American Birds. 287 



Greenland than to either, I have seen no catalogue ; but they 

 probably have some relationship to Greenland species. 



Bermuda*, in lat. 32° 15' and long. 64° 51', is about 700 

 miles off the coast of Carolinas, Cape Hatteras being the 

 nearest land. It is nearly on the same parallel with Charleston, 

 and about 900 miles south of Nova Scotia, nearly midway be- 

 tween the latter and the Virgin Islands of the West Indies. 

 The entire group to which it belongs is about fourteen miles in 

 length by about three or four in width. There are no indigen- 

 ous vertebrates, with the exception of a lizard [Plestiodon longi- 

 rostris, Cope, Proc. Acad. Philad. 1861, p. 315); and the birds 

 are entirely North American in character, much like those of the 

 middle United States. The fauna is especially characterized by 

 the existence throughout the year, and the breeding, of the fol- 

 lowing birds: — Vireo noveboracensis, Galeoscoptes carulinensis, 

 Sialia sialis, Cardinalis virginianus, Corvus americanus (said to 

 have been introduced), Chamapelia passerina, iGullinula galeata. 



In addition to these, the following species are supposed to 

 breed occasionally in the islands : — Sphyropicus tyrannus, Ardea 

 herodias. 



All the other species appear to be accidental visitors, noted 

 for a day or two one year, and not seen again, perhaps, for 

 several. By far the greater number make their appearance in 

 autumn only, very few occurring in spring. 



There are no West-Indian birds, properly so called, in the 

 Bermudas; and the occurrence of Milvulus tyrannus, a South 

 American species, is very questionable. 



A few species of European birds have been noted in the 

 Bermudas, consisting of Saxicola cenanthe, Alauda arvensis, and 

 Gallinago media. 



It will be noticed that the first and the last of these have 

 been found in Greenland, the Saxicola on the continent only. 



As out of the line of migration of our land birds, it is not 

 likely that there are any regular visitors to the Bermudas, en 

 route for other regions, the great majority of the species detected 



* See " Ornithology of the Bermudas," in Jardine's ' Contributions to 

 Ornithology,' 1849 and 1850, and ' The Naturahst in Bermuda,' by J, M. 

 Jones. London: 1859. 



