338 Mr. Blyth's Commentary 



increasing on the throat. In other respects it is like L. ariel. 

 Dr. Adams states that this Swallow is " common on the lakes 

 and streams in the valley of Kashmir, and likewise in the 

 Punjab at certain seasons." 



88. COTYLE SUBSOCCATA. 



Dr. Jerdon considers this a doubtful species, in his ' Appendix/ 

 p. 875. The specimens which Mr. Hodgson sent under this name 

 to the Museum of the Asiatic Society at Calcutta, were decidedly 

 identical with C. sinensis ; and Mr. G. R. Gray assigns both C. 

 suhsoccata and C. minuta (Hodgs.) to C. sinensis, in the second 

 edition of his ' Catalogue of the Birds of Nipal.' 



89. CoTYLE SINENSIS. 



This bird breeds in the cold season, burrowing into the banks 

 of the Hugh in the same manner as C. riparia elsewhere ; for 

 this I can vouch, having taken the eggs and young [cf. Tytler, 

 Ann. Mag. N. H. 1854, xiii. p. 371). The allied C. riparia 

 does the same in Egypt (P. Z. S. 1863, p. 288), a most remark- 

 able fact, as the latter species breeds also in its summer haunts, 

 and the former likewise, as in Formosa {vide supra, p. 134)*. 

 Dr. Jerdon merely discriminates the "Crag-Martins^' from the 

 " Sand-Martins " ; but I think them better worthy of separation 

 than several named divisions among the Hirundinida, and adopt 

 therefore for the former subgroup the name Ptionoprogne of 

 Reichenbach. The two species, P. rupestris and P. concolor, 

 differ in size only, though in this considerably. Mr. Gould 

 (Handb. B. Austral, i. p. 114) adopts Dr. Cabanis's genus 

 Cheramoeca for another burrowing Swallow, which he formerly 

 styled Atticora leucosternon. 



92. Chelidon ukbica. 



Stated by Captain Irby to be common in the cold season in 

 Oudh (Ibis, 1861, p. 233). Col. Tickell writes— "There are 

 great numbers here" (at Moulmein) "in the season; and I 

 have also seen large flocks of them in India ; but they appear 



* Of the permanently resident Cypsehis affinis, also, Mr. Burgess remarks, 

 " This Swift huilds [? produces] twice in the year ; I obtained a nest and 

 eggs in September, and found a nest with young birds in April" (P. Z. S. 

 1855, p. 28). 



