on Dr. Jerdon's 'Birds of India.' 339 



from time to time^ not constantly, as does H. rusiica " (J. A. S.B. 

 xxiv. p. 277.) 



95. ACANTHYLIS SYLVATICA. 



The A. leucopygialis, nobis (J. A. S. B. xviii. p. 809), from 

 Pinang (referred to), is, in all probability, identical with A. 

 coracina, Miiller, from Borneo. 



97. AcANTHYLis ciRis ; Hirundo ciris, Pallas ; H. caudacuta, 

 Lath. Other synonyms are given in Gould's ' Handbook of the 

 Birds of Australia,' i. p. 103. 



Referring to Pallas's description, I see no reason to hesitate 

 about assigning this bird as above. Examples from the Himalaya, 

 China, and Australia are specifically identical ; but Mr. Layard's 

 supposed A. caudacuta from Ceylon is A. gigantea. 



99. Cypselus apus. 



An Indian specimen received from Dr. Jerdon (I presume 

 from the N.W.) ; and the India Museum has it from Afghanistan. 



Cypselus acuticauda, nobis (Jerdon Supplement, p. 870, 

 and 'Ibis,' 1865, p. 45), must be added. A single specimen, 

 obtained in Nipal, is now in the Derby Museum of Liverpool. 

 It is probable that both this and C. leuconyx are often mistaken 

 on the wing for C. apus. 



100. Cypselus affinis, J. E. Gray ; C. abyssinicus, Streubel ; 

 C. galilaensis, Antinori {cf. Ibis, 1865, p. 234). 



This non-migratory Swift is probably diffused over all suitable 

 parts of Arabia, which would connect its Indian range with its 

 distribution in Africa and in Palestine. I have not seen it from 

 the eastern side of the Bay of Bengal ; but in the Malayan 

 peninsula (at Pinang) it is replaced by C. subfurcattts, nobis 

 (J. A. S.B. xviii. p. 807), which also occuis in South China, and 

 therefore doubtless in the intervening countries of Siam, Cambo- 

 gia, Cochin China and Anam. According to Mr. Swinhoe C sub- 

 furcatus is " resident on the Chinese coast, not much higher than 

 Amoy" (P. Z. S. 1863, p. 264). I believe that it is also resi- 

 dent at Pinang ; but Mr. Layard asserts that C. affinis is 

 migratory in Ceylon, a fact which has nowhere been observed 

 on the mainland of India; and Mr. Tristram records that it is 



