146 THE MIGRATION OF BIRDS. 



modestiis) breeds in the islands whose name it 

 bears, arriving in September and leaving in April, 

 and its northern migrations extend at least 1500 

 miles to Uruguay, where it was obtained by Darwin. 

 The allied race of this species [Eudromias modestus 

 rubecola) visits Tierra del Fuego during summer 

 to breed, and is known to migrate during winter for 

 about 2000 miles north along the South American 

 coasts. In the extreme South of Africa many 

 species of Swallow^s and certain Cuckoos are all 

 migratory, and leave the comparatively cool climate 

 of that region during winter for haunts extending 

 more or less towards the Equator, although the 

 Flights are not perhaps so long as in South America. 

 The Australian Swallow [Hirundo frontalis) breeds 

 in Australia, and migrates north to the Equator to 

 winter in New Guinea. It is an equally suggestive 

 fact that several species of Petrel breeding on the 

 borders of the glaciated Antarctic continent, some 

 of the most southerly breeding of birds, regularly 

 visit the Northern Hemisphere during our summer. 

 So interesting and so vitally important to the views 

 here expressed are these northern migrations, that 

 it will be necessary to note a few of them in detail. 

 One of the best known Petrels that comes north 

 during wdnter in the Southern Hemisphere is 

 Wilson's Petrel [Oceanites inlsoni). This bird is 

 known to breed on Kerguelen Island, one of the 

 few islands that lie on the borders of the Antarctic 

 continent, and may possibly do so on other land 

 ev^en nearer the South Polar region. During winter 



