2IO THE MIGRATION OF BIRDS. 



Petchora valley), and as soon as the snow had 



melted here and there from the river banks, and 



the first streams of open water were visible, the 



Shore Lark {Otocoris alpestris) and the Bean 



Goose {Anser se^etum) arrived, followed the next 



day by the Hooper Swan {Cygnns nmsicus), 



Bewick's Swan {Cygniis beivicki), and the Siberian 



Herring Gull (Lams qffiuis). The day following, 



May 1 2th, rain fell, and the first regular migrant 



Passeres, the White Wagtail {Motacilla alba), the 



Meadow Pipit {Anthus pratensis), and the Redstart 



{Rudcilla phcenicunts) " entered an appearance." 



On the 13th of May, Ducks of various species 



arrived, and in their wake the Peregrine Falcon 



[Falco peregrinus). On the 14th, the Reed Bunting 



(Emberiza s ch oen i c lus) wsis identified; and the day 



following a large fiock of Common Gulls {Lams 



canus) appeared on the rapidly-breaking-up river. 



The week of the Arctic spring, during which the 



thaw of the day was more or less refrozen at night, 



was now over, and on the i6th of May summer 



set in with startling suddenness. The flooded 



river choked with melting snow overflowed its 



banks ; the ice broke up with a great crash, and 



migration progressed more merrily than ever. On 



the 17th of May flocks of Fieldfares (Turclus 



pilaris), Redwings (Turclus iliacus), and Golden 



Plover (Charadrius phwialis) were observed, and 



Geese, Swans, and Ducks in increasing numbers 



migrated down the river towards their more 



northern breeding-grounds. The migration of the 



