196 Lloyd's natural history. 



abdomen, and under tail-coverts greyish-white, the latter with 

 dusky centres ; under wing-coverts and axillaries orange-buff; 

 quills dusky below, ashy-whitish along the inner web; bill 

 dark brown, the lower mandible pale at the base; feet and 

 claws leaden-grey ; iris hazel. Total length, 6 inches ; culmen, 

 o'S ; wing, 3-0; tail, 2-15 ; tarsus, 075. 



Adult Female. — Similar to the male in plumage. Total length, 

 6 inches ; wing, 3-0. 



In Autumn Plumage the upper parts incline to russet-brown 

 rather than to olive-brown, and the buff of the under surface 

 of the body is deeper in tint and more reddish, the white of 

 the breast being very pure. 



Young Birds resemble the autumn plumage of the adults. 



Note. — The Garden-Warbler is very easily recognised by its sober 

 coloration, the buff colour of the throat and chest distinguishing it from those 

 of other species, which have the head coloured like the back. It has the 

 same shaped wing as the Whitethroat, the first, or bastard, primary being 

 very small, and falling short of the primary-coverts by O'l or o*2 inch. 

 The second primary-quill is nearly equal to the third. In shape and bulk 

 the Garden Warbler is about the same as the Blackcap, but the black or 

 rufous caps always serve to distinguish the latter. 



Eange in Great Britain. — A summer visitor to most parts of 

 England, more locally distributed than the Blackcap, though 

 in the Solway district of Scotland Mr. R. Service says that 

 it is more abundant than the last-named species. Its 

 breeding range does not extend beyond Pembrokeshire and 

 Breconshire, in Wales, nor is the bird known to breed in the 

 west of Cornwall. In Scotland it seems to be less generally 

 distributed, though recorded from Banffshire and from the 

 Shetlands during the autumn migration. In Ireland it is a 

 rare and local bird, and has been recorded as breeding only in 

 the counties of Antrim, Fermanagh, and Tipperary, and pos- 

 sibly in Cork. 



Range outside the British Islands. — Found everywhere through- 

 out Europe, nesting as far north as 70 N. lat. in Scandinavia, 

 and to about 65 in Russia, but it does not extend east beyond 

 85 E. long., according to Mr. Seebohm ; its most easterly 

 rec >rd being apparently the vicinity of Omsk, in Siberia, in 

 the n< i^hbourhood of which town specimens are said to 



